{"id":51525,"date":"2025-12-04T09:06:34","date_gmt":"2025-12-04T08:06:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/?p=51525"},"modified":"2026-03-08T07:17:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-08T06:17:39","slug":"aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/","title":{"rendered":"Aigues-Mortes : Louis IX , les Italiens"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 9<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span><div><span style=\"color: #ffffff; font-size: 5px;\">Aigues-Mortes &#8211; Louis IX et les Italiens &#8211; Massacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes &#8211; &#8211; le Massacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes &#8211; le Massacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes Louis IX Louis IX Louis IX<\/span><\/div>\n<table style=\"width: 100%;\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40%; text-align: right; vertical-align: top;\" colspan=\"3\">\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Suggestion d&rsquo;\u00e9coute :\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aux-mineurs-du-soufre-surfarara-sicile\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Surfarara<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30%; text-align: right; vertical-align: top;\">\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/frankcesarlovisolo.bandcamp.com\/track\/surfarara\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-51127\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/bandcamp-logotype-color-400-Frank.png\" alt=\"- - -\" width=\"303\" height=\"25\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/bandcamp-logotype-color-400-Frank.png 400w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/bandcamp-logotype-color-400-Frank-250x21.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/bandcamp-logotype-color-400-Frank-150x12.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 303px) 100vw, 303px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30%; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;\">\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 8px;\"><a href=\"#com\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-15068\" title=\"Metropolitana di Napoli\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/ComBleu.jpg\" alt=\"Metropolitana di Napoli\" width=\"238\" height=\"20\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">L&rsquo;Histoire est espi\u00e8gle, elle adore nous rappeler certains \u00e9v\u00e8nements lointains, mais si l&rsquo;on y r\u00e9fl\u00e9chit bien, pas tant que \u00e7a&#8230;\u00a0<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Issu d&rsquo;une famille d&rsquo;origine Italienne, le <a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Massacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes<\/a> survenus les\u00a0<time datetime=\"1893-08-16\" data-sort-value=\"1893-08-16\">16<\/time>\u00a0et\u00a0<time class=\"nowrap\" datetime=\"1893-08-17\" data-sort-value=\"1893-08-17\">17 ao\u00fbt 1893<\/time>, \u00e0\u00a0<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aigues-Mortes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Aigues-Mortes<\/a> m&rsquo;a \u00e9mu.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Mes grands parents sont arriv\u00e9s en France environ une dizaine d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s cette trag\u00e9die&#8230;<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"background-color: #00cc00; color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"background-color: #00cc00; color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/\"><strong>Lire l&rsquo;article<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Quant \u00e0 Louis IX, qui eut \u00e0 la fin de sa vie un diff\u00e9rent m\u00e9dical avec dieu, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 20px; font-family: inherit;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/\">nous en causerons plus loin<\/a> !<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\">\n<h2><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Pour cette s\u00e9rie, j&rsquo;ai opt\u00e9 pour la Couleur, celle avec un grand C !<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><div class=\"flagallerywraper\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><div class=\"flagallery flaslider_skin\" id=\"FlaGallery_sc1_357\" style=\"width:1024px;margin:0 auto;\"><script type=\"text\/javascript\">(function(){this['FlaGallery_sc1_357']={'settings':{\"sliderHeightRetio\":\"0.8\",\"sliderPreloaderColor\":\"#ffffff\",\"sliderBgColor\":\"rgb(255, 255, 255)\",\"sliderHeaderFooterBgColor\":\"rgb(255, 255, 255)\",\"sliderNavigationColor\":\"rgba(82, 82, 82, 0.81)\",\"sliderNavigationIconColor\":\"rgb(255, 255, 255)\",\"sliderItemDescriptionBlock\":\"0\",\"sliderItemTitleFontSize\":\"14\",\"sliderItemTitleTextColor\":\"#515151\",\"sliderItemDescriptionFontSize\":\"14\",\"sliderItemDescriptionTextColor\":\"#545454\",\"sliderThumbBarEnable\":\"1\",\"sliderThumbBarHoverColor\":\"#ffffff\",\"sliderThumbSubMenuBackgroundColor\":\"rgb(255, 255, 255)\",\"sliderThumbSubMenuBackgroundColorOver\":\"rgba(255,255,255,1)\",\"sliderThumbSubMenuIconColor\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"sliderThumbSubMenuIconHoverColor\":\"rgba(0,0,0,1)\",\"sliderPlayButton\":\"1\",\"sliderZoomButton\":\"1\",\"sliderFullScreen\":\"1\",\"sliderInfoEnable\":\"1\",\"sliderItemDownload\":\"0\",\"sliderSocialShareEnabled\":\"0\",\"sliderLikesEnabled\":\"0\",\"sliderSlideshowEneble\":\"1\",\"slideshowDelay\":\"8\",\"slideshowProgressBarColor\":\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\",\"slideshowProgressBarBGColor\":\"rgb(137, 176, 255)\",\"modaBgColor\":\"rgba(0,0,0,0.9)\",\"modalInfoBoxBgColor\":\"rgb(255, 255, 255)\",\"modalInfoBoxTitleTextColor\":\"#000000\",\"shareTitlePlaceHolder\":\"Share\",\"modalInfoBoxTextColor\":\"#333333\",\"infoBarExifEnable\":\"0\",\"infoBarCountersEnable\":\"0\",\"infoBarDateInfoEnable\":\"0\",\"customCSS\":\"\",\"key\":\"2b91304c71a96bd3dd001bdb3bf4a76f\",\"name\":\"GRANDPackPlus\",\"galleryID\":\"sc1_357\",\"post_url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/frank-lovisolo.fr\\\/WordPress\\\/wp-json\\\/wp\\\/v2\\\/posts\\\/51525\",\"module_url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/frank-lovisolo.fr\\\/WordPress\\\/wp-content\\\/plugins\\\/flagallery-skins\\\/flaslider\\\/\"}, 'data':[{\"gallery\":{\"gid\":\"357\",\"name\":\"aigues-mortes-1125\",\"path\":\"https:\\\/\\\/frank-lovisolo.fr\\\/WordPress\\\/wp-content\\\/flagallery\\\/aigues-mortes-1125\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes - 1125\",\"galdesc\":\"\"},\"data\":[{\"pid\":\"30078\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-001.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:03:37\",\"hitcounter\":\"126\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 03 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"51min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/50sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30079\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-002.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:03:51\",\"hitcounter\":\"58\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 03 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/130sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30080\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-003.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:05:29\",\"hitcounter\":\"43\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 05 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/200sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":659,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":137},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":659,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"659\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30081\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-004.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:09:59\",\"hitcounter\":\"32\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 09 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/200sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30082\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-005.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:14:38\",\"hitcounter\":\"24\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 14 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"35min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/50sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":1119,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":233},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":1119,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"1119\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30083\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-006.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:15:25\",\"hitcounter\":\"19\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 15 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"105min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/250sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30084\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-007.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:16:01\",\"hitcounter\":\"18\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 16 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"35min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/400sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30085\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-008.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:16:36\",\"hitcounter\":\"16\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 16 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/200sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30086\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-009.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:16:55\",\"hitcounter\":\"14\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 16 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/400sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":479,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":99},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":479,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"479\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30087\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-010.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:17:50\",\"hitcounter\":\"13\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 17 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/320sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30088\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-011.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:19:16\",\"hitcounter\":\"13\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 19 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/250sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":708,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":147},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":708,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"708\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30089\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-012.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:19:35\",\"hitcounter\":\"13\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 19 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/250sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":808,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":168},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":808,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"808\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30090\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-013.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:29:32\",\"hitcounter\":\"11\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 29 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"35min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/400sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":920,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":191},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":920,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"920\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30091\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-014.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:32:33\",\"hitcounter\":\"10\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 32 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/200sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30092\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-015.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:34:12\",\"hitcounter\":\"9\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 22\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 34 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"87min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/60sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30093\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-016.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:48:31\",\"hitcounter\":\"8\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 20\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 48 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"42min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/130sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30094\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-017.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:52:02\",\"hitcounter\":\"8\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 20\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 52 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"57min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/100sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30095\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-018.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:54:43\",\"hitcounter\":\"8\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 54 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/1600sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30096\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-019.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:55:51\",\"hitcounter\":\"8\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 55 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/1600sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30097\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-020.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:56:01\",\"hitcounter\":\"8\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 56 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/2000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30098\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-021.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:57:03\",\"hitcounter\":\"8\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 57 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/2000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30099\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-022.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:57:47\",\"hitcounter\":\"7\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 57 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/2000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1391,\"height\":1440,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":289,\"height\":300},\"webview\":{\"0\":1391,\"1\":1440,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1391\\\" height=\\\"1440\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30100\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-023.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:57:55\",\"hitcounter\":\"7\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 57 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"35min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/2500sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30101\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-024.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 12:58:33\",\"hitcounter\":\"6\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 12 h 58 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"46min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/320sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30102\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-025.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 13:02:55\",\"hitcounter\":\"6\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 13 h 02 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"42min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/500sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30103\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-026.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 13:04:20\",\"hitcounter\":\"6\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 13 h 04 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"31min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/800sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30104\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-027.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 13:10:52\",\"hitcounter\":\"6\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 13 h 10 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"46min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/200sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30105\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-028.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 14:52:09\",\"hitcounter\":\"6\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 14 h 52 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"28min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/1250sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30106\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-029.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 14:53:43\",\"hitcounter\":\"6\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 14 h 53 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/800sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30107\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-030.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 14:55:52\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 14 h 55 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/1600sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30108\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-031.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 14:56:18\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 14 h 56 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/640sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30109\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-032.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 14:57:08\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 14 h 57 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"28min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/1000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30110\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-033.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 14:58:20\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 14 h 58 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"28min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/2500sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30111\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-034.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:00:34\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 00 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/1250sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30112\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-035.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:02:45\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 02 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"105min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/2000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30113\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-036.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:08:16\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 08 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/4000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":724,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":151},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":724,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"724\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30114\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-037.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:09:18\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 09 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"105min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/2500sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30115\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-038.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:09:45\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 09 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"105min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/2000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":748,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":155},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":748,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"748\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30116\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-039.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:14:56\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 14 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"105min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/640sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30117\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-040.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:16:32\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 16 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"46min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/800sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30118\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-041.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:18:37\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 18 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"38min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/2500sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30119\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-042.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:22:00\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 22 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"105min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/1000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30120\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-043.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:24:00\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 24 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/1250sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30121\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-044.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:25:06\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 25 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"51min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/800sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30122\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-045.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:25:32\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 25 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"74min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/800sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30123\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-046.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:26:43\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 26 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"68min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/320sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30124\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-047.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:34:28\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 10\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 34 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"46min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/200sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":838,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":174},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":838,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"838\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30125\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-048.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:37:50\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 4\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 37 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/30sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30126\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-049.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:41:34\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 4\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 41 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"51min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/4000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30127\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-050.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:42:08\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 14\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 42 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"35min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/640sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30128\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-051.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:47:50\",\"hitcounter\":\"5\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 14\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 47 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"57min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/640sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":960,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":200},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":960,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"960\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30129\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-052.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:54:45\",\"hitcounter\":\"4\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 4\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 54 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/10sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":922,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":192},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":922,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"922\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}},{\"pid\":\"30130\",\"filename\":\"aigues-mortes-291125-053.jpg\",\"description\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"alttext\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"2025-11-29 15:59:50\",\"hitcounter\":\"4\",\"total_value\":\"0\",\"total_votes\":\"0\",\"meta_data\":{\"aperture\":\"F 4\",\"credit\":false,\"camera\":\"Canon EOS 6D Mark II\",\"caption\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"created_timestamp\":\"29 novembre 2025 15 h 59 min\",\"copyright\":\"LovisoloFC-2025\",\"focal_length\":\"24min\",\"iso\":640,\"shutter_speed\":\"1\\\/4000sec\",\"flash\":\"Not fired\",\"title\":\"Aigues-Mortes\",\"keywords\":false,\"width\":1440,\"height\":919,\"saved\":true,\"thumbnail\":{\"width\":300,\"height\":191},\"webview\":{\"0\":1440,\"1\":919,\"2\":2,\"3\":\"width=\\\"1440\\\" height=\\\"919\\\"\",\"bits\":8,\"channels\":3,\"mime\":\"image\\\/jpeg\"}}}]}], };})();<\/script><\/div><\/div><noscript id=\"noscript_FlaGallery_sc1_357\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-001.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-002.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-003.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-004.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-005.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-006.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-007.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-008.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-009.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-010.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-011.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-012.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-013.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-014.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-015.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-016.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-017.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-018.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-019.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-020.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-021.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-022.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-023.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-024.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-025.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-026.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-027.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-028.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-029.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-030.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-031.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-032.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-033.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-034.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-035.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-036.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-037.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-038.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-039.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-040.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-041.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-042.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-043.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-044.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-045.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-046.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-047.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-048.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-049.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-050.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-051.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-052.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/aigues-mortes-1125\/aigues-mortes-291125-053.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes\" title=\"-\"><\/noscript><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"color: #ff007f;\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/report-a-problem\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"background-color: #320000;\">\u00a0 Signaler un probl\u00e8me \u2014 Report a problem\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/a> <a id=\"com\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><!--nextpage--><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 1857px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 1857px;\">\n<div class=\"prose dark:prose-invert inline leading-relaxed break-words min-w-0 [word-break:break-word] prose-strong:font-medium [&amp;_&gt;*:first-child]:mt-0\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2 class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong>Le \u00abmassacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes\u00bb nous renvoie aux \u00e9meutes des 16 &amp; 17 ao\u00fbt 1893\u200b.<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/\">( Retour au d\u00e9but \u21d1\u21d1 )<\/a><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 id=\"contexte\" class=\"mb-2 mt-4 font-display font-semimedium text-base first:mt-0 md:text-lg [hr+&amp;]:mt-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-51536\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3_tuerie_daigues-mortes_en_1893-1024x1416.jpg\" alt=\"Aigues-Mortes - Massacre des Italiens\" width=\"570\" height=\"788\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3_tuerie_daigues-mortes_en_1893-1024x1416.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3_tuerie_daigues-mortes_en_1893-460x636.jpg 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3_tuerie_daigues-mortes_en_1893-768x1062.jpg 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3_tuerie_daigues-mortes_en_1893-1111x1536.jpg 1111w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3_tuerie_daigues-mortes_en_1893-1481x2048.jpg 1481w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3_tuerie_daigues-mortes_en_1893-108x150.jpg 108w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3_tuerie_daigues-mortes_en_1893-scaled.jpg 1852w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" \/><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Contexte<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u00c0 la fin du XIX\u1d49 si\u00e8cle, les salins d\u2019Aigues-Mortes emploient chaque \u00e9t\u00e9 des milliers de saisonniers, notamment des Italiens venus du Pi\u00e9mont et de Toscane, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s d\u2019ouvriers fran\u00e7ais locaux et de man\u0153uvres itin\u00e9rants dits \u00ab trimards \u00bb. La concurrence pour le travail, les bas salaires, un climat nationaliste et des tensions diplomatiques entre la France et l\u2019Italie nourrissent un fort ressentiment contre ces travailleurs \u00e9trangers, r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement accus\u00e9s de \u00abprendre le pain des Fran\u00e7ais\u00bb depuis les fran\u00e7ais se sont veng\u00e9s avec la confection de pizzas, souvent m\u00e9diocres, avouons-le!<br \/>\n<span class=\"citation inline\" style=\"font-size: 14px;\" data-state=\"closed\"><a class=\"inline\" href=\"https:\/\/mediatheques.montpellier3m.fr\/ESBAMA\/doc\/CAMO\/1099549\/le-massacre-des-italiens-aigues-mortes-17-aout-1893\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px select-none whitespace-nowrap -top-px font-sans text-base text-foreground selection:bg-super\/50 selection:text-foreground dark:selection:bg-super\/10 dark:selection:text-super\"><span class=\"text-3xs rounded-badge group min-w-4 cursor-pointer text-center align-middle font-mono tabular-nums py-[0.1875rem] leading-snug px-[0.3rem] [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:bg-super dark:[@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-inverse [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-white border-subtlest ring-subtlest divide-subtlest bg-subtle\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px inline-block align-middle max-w-[25ch] overflow-hidden\">montpellier<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dclenchement-des-violences\" class=\"mb-2 mt-4 font-display font-semimedium text-base first:mt-0 md:text-lg [hr+&amp;]:mt-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Violences<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le 16 ao\u00fbt 1893, une rixe \u00e9clate dans les salins entre ouvriers fran\u00e7ais et italiens, au d\u00e9part pour des questions de hi\u00e9rarchie de travail et d\u2019insultes, et tourne \u00e0 l\u2019affrontement collectif. Malgr\u00e9 l\u2019intervention du juge de paix et des gendarmes, des rumeurs se r\u00e9pandent en ville affirmant que des Italiens ont tu\u00e9 des Fran\u00e7ais, ce qui mobilise des groupes hostiles arm\u00e9s de b\u00e2tons et d\u2019armes \u00e0 feu.<br \/>\n<span class=\"citation inline\" style=\"font-size: 14px;\" data-state=\"closed\"><a class=\"inline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.fr\/histoire\/aout-1893-le-massacre-des-italiens-a-aigues-mortes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px select-none whitespace-nowrap -top-px font-sans text-base text-foreground selection:bg-super\/50 selection:text-foreground dark:selection:bg-super\/10 dark:selection:text-super\"><span class=\"text-3xs rounded-badge group min-w-4 cursor-pointer text-center align-middle font-mono tabular-nums py-[0.1875rem] leading-snug px-[0.3rem] [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:bg-super dark:[@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-inverse [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-white border-subtlest ring-subtlest divide-subtlest bg-subtle\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px inline-block align-middle max-w-[25ch] overflow-hidden\">nationalgeographic<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"le-massacre-des-1617-aot\" class=\"mb-2 mt-4 font-display font-semimedium text-base first:mt-0 md:text-lg [hr+&amp;]:mt-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le massacre des 16\u201317 ao\u00fbt<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Dans la soir\u00e9e du 16 et surtout le 17 ao\u00fbt, des bandes d\u2019ouvriers fran\u00e7ais, de trimards et d\u2019habitants se livrent \u00e0 une v\u00e9ritable chasse \u00e0 l\u2019homme contre les Italiens, dans les salins et sur le chemin de la gare. Des Italiens sont lynch\u00e9s, frapp\u00e9s \u00e0 coups de b\u00e2ton, certains noy\u00e9s dans les foss\u00e9s ou atteints par des tirs ; le bilan officiel est de huit morts (peut\u2011\u00eatre neuf) et de nombreux bless\u00e9s, alors que la presse italienne avance des chiffres beaucoup plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Selon les autorit\u00e9s fran\u00e7aises, il y eut officiellement 8\u00a0morts. On conna\u00eet l&rsquo;identit\u00e9 de sept d&rsquo;entre eux\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Carlo Tasso, d&rsquo;<a title=\"Alexandrie (Italie)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexandrie_(Italie)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alexandrie<\/a>\u00a0(<a title=\"Province d&#039;Alexandrie\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Province_d%27Alexandrie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">province d&rsquo;Alexandrie<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"Pi\u00e9mont\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pi%C3%A9mont\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pi\u00e9mont<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Vittorio Caffaro, de\u00a0<a title=\"Pignerol\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pignerol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pignerol<\/a>\u00a0(<a title=\"Province de Turin\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Province_de_Turin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">province de Turin<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"Pi\u00e9mont\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pi%C3%A9mont\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pi\u00e9mont<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Bartolomeo Calori, de\u00a0<a title=\"Turin\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Turin<\/a>\u00a0(<a title=\"Province de Turin\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Province_de_Turin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">province de Turin<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"Pi\u00e9mont\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pi%C3%A9mont\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pi\u00e9mont<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Giuseppe Merlo, de\u00a0<a title=\"Centallo\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Centallo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Centallo<\/a>\u00a0(<a title=\"Province de Coni\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Province_de_Coni\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">province de Coni<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"Pi\u00e9mont\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pi%C3%A9mont\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pi\u00e9mont<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Lorenzo Rolando, d&rsquo;<a title=\"Altare\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Altare\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Altare<\/a>\u00a0(<a title=\"Province de Savone\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Province_de_Savone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">province de Savone<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"Ligurie\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ligurie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ligurie<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Paolo Zanetti, de\u00a0<a title=\"Alzano Lombardo\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alzano_Lombardo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nese<\/a>\u00a0(<a title=\"Province de Bergame\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Province_de_Bergame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">province de Bergame<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"Lombardie\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lombardie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lombardie<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Giovanni Bonetto.<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px; font-family: inherit;\">On ne retrouva jamais le cadavre d&rsquo;un neuvi\u00e8me Italien, Secondo Torchio. De m\u00eame, \u00e0 la suite de ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements, 17\u00a0Italiens \u00e9taient trop gravement bless\u00e9s pour pouvoir \u00eatre \u00e9vacu\u00e9s en train\u00a0: l&rsquo;un d&rsquo;eux mourra du\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"font-size: 18px; font-family: inherit;\" title=\"T\u00e9tanos\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T%C3%A9tanos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">t\u00e9tanos<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 18px; font-family: inherit;\"> un mois plus tard<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"citation inline\" style=\"font-size: 14px;\" data-state=\"closed\"><a class=\"inline\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Massacre_des_Italiens_d&#039;Aigues-Mortes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px select-none whitespace-nowrap -top-px font-sans text-base text-foreground selection:bg-super\/50 selection:text-foreground dark:selection:bg-super\/10 dark:selection:text-super\"><span class=\"text-3xs rounded-badge group min-w-4 cursor-pointer text-center align-middle font-mono tabular-nums py-[0.1875rem] leading-snug px-[0.3rem] [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:bg-super dark:[@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-inverse [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-white border-subtlest ring-subtlest divide-subtlest bg-subtle\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px inline-block align-middle max-w-[25ch] overflow-hidden\">wikipedia<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px; font-family: inherit;\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"suites-judiciaires-et-diplomatiques\" class=\"mb-2 mt-4 font-display font-semimedium text-base first:mt-0 md:text-lg [hr+&amp;]:mt-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Suites judiciaires et diplomatiques<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">L\u2019arriv\u00e9e tardive de renforts militaires permet de r\u00e9tablir l\u2019ordre et d\u2019\u00e9vacuer les survivants par train, mais l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement provoque une crise diplomatique majeure entre la France et l\u2019Italie, avec manifestations et appels au boycott de part et d\u2019autre. Le proc\u00e8s des \u00e9meutiers, tenu en 1894, se conclut par des acquittements g\u00e9n\u00e9raux, ce qui est per\u00e7u comme un scandale judiciaire et confirme pour beaucoup l\u2019impunit\u00e9 des violences x\u00e9nophobes.<br \/>\n<span class=\"citation inline\" style=\"font-size: 14px;\" data-state=\"closed\"><a class=\"inline\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.openedition.org\/criminocorpus\/2622?lang=de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px select-none whitespace-nowrap -top-px font-sans text-base text-foreground selection:bg-super\/50 selection:text-foreground dark:selection:bg-super\/10 dark:selection:text-super\"><span class=\"text-3xs rounded-badge group min-w-4 cursor-pointer text-center align-middle font-mono tabular-nums py-[0.1875rem] leading-snug px-[0.3rem] [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:bg-super dark:[@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-inverse [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-white border-subtlest ring-subtlest divide-subtlest bg-subtle\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px inline-block align-middle max-w-[25ch] overflow-hidden\">o<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u200b<\/span><a class=\"inline\" style=\"font-family: inherit;\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.openedition.org\/criminocorpus\/2622?lang=de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px select-none whitespace-nowrap -top-px font-sans text-base text-foreground selection:bg-super\/50 selection:text-foreground dark:selection:bg-super\/10 dark:selection:text-super\"><span class=\"text-3xs rounded-badge group min-w-4 cursor-pointer text-center align-middle font-mono tabular-nums py-[0.1875rem] leading-snug px-[0.3rem] [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:bg-super dark:[@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-inverse [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-white border-subtlest ring-subtlest divide-subtlest bg-subtle\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px inline-block align-middle max-w-[25ch] overflow-hidden\">penedition<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mmoire-de-lvnement\" class=\"mb-2 mt-4 font-display font-semimedium text-base first:mt-0 md:text-lg [hr+&amp;]:mt-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-51537\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4_aigues-mortes_massacre_des_italiens_1893-1024x1263.jpg\" alt=\"Massacre des Italiens\" width=\"570\" height=\"703\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4_aigues-mortes_massacre_des_italiens_1893-1024x1263.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4_aigues-mortes_massacre_des_italiens_1893-460x568.jpg 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4_aigues-mortes_massacre_des_italiens_1893-768x948.jpg 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4_aigues-mortes_massacre_des_italiens_1893-1245x1536.jpg 1245w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4_aigues-mortes_massacre_des_italiens_1893-122x150.jpg 122w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4_aigues-mortes_massacre_des_italiens_1893.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" \/><strong>M\u00e9moire de l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Longtemps minimis\u00e9 ou pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme de simples \u00ab incidents \u00bb, le massacre est aujourd\u2019hui analys\u00e9 comme un \u00e9pisode embl\u00e9matique de x\u00e9nophobie populaire li\u00e9e aux enjeux du travail et de la nation \u00e0 la fin du XIX\u1d49 si\u00e8cle. \u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1990 puis 2000, travaux d\u2019historiens et comm\u00e9morations locales, dont une plaque appos\u00e9e en 2018, ont r\u00e9inscrit la trag\u00e9die dans la m\u00e9moire de l\u2019immigration italienne en France et dans l\u2019histoire des violences contre les \u00e9trangers.<br \/>\n<span class=\"citation inline\" data-state=\"closed\"><a class=\"inline\" href=\"https:\/\/revuehis.uqam.ca\/no-1-varia\/incidents-daigues-mortes-aout-1893-xenophobie-populaire-usages-politiques-de-levenement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px select-none whitespace-nowrap -top-px font-sans text-base text-foreground selection:bg-super\/50 selection:text-foreground dark:selection:bg-super\/10 dark:selection:text-super\"><span class=\"text-3xs rounded-badge group min-w-4 cursor-pointer text-center align-middle font-mono tabular-nums py-[0.1875rem] leading-snug px-[0.3rem] [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:bg-super dark:[@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-inverse [@media(hover:hover)]:hover:text-white border-subtlest ring-subtlest divide-subtlest bg-subtle\"><span class=\"relative -mt-px inline-block align-middle max-w-[25ch] overflow-hidden\" style=\"font-size: 14px;\">revuehis.uqam<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"4941\" data-end=\"4973\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Quant \u00e0 l&rsquo;importance&#8230;<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Parce que ce massacre illustre combien les tensions sociales, \u00e9conomiques et <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/X%C3%A9nophobie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>x\u00e9nophobes<\/strong><\/a> \u2014 en p\u00e9riode de crise \u2014 peuvent d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rer en violence extr\u00eame, ciblant des populations vuln\u00e9rables, souvent migrantes. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Parce qu\u2019il montre la fragilit\u00e9 de la justice quand il s\u2019agit de violences collectives contre des minorit\u00e9s, et les m\u00e9canismes d\u2019impunit\u00e9, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque comme aujourd\u2019hui. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Parce qu\u2019il participe \u00e0 l\u2019histoire de l\u2019immigration en France, au traitement des migrants, \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire collective, et aux r\u00e9flexions sur l\u2019identit\u00e9 nationale.<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><span class=\"citation inline\" data-state=\"closed\">Force est de constater que cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement n&rsquo;est li\u00e9 \u00e0 aucune conviction religieuse ou autres pros\u00e9lytismes mortif\u00e8res li\u00e9s aux arri\u00e8res monde.<br \/>\n<\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#SRC01\"><em><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Voir les sources des documentations &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"color: #ff007f;\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/report-a-problem\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"background-color: #320000;\">\u00a0 Signaler un probl\u00e8me \u2014 Report a problem\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/a> <a id=\"com\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><!--nextpage--><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"color: #ffffff; font-size: 8px;\">Aigues-Mortes Aigues-Mortes Aigues-Mortes Aigues-Mortes Aigues-Mortes Aigues-Mortes Aigues-Mortes &#8211; Aigues-Mortes &#8211; Aigues-Mortes &#8211; Aigues-Mortes &#8211; Aigues-Mortes<\/span><\/div>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; text-align: justify;\">\n<div id=\"attachment_51552\" style=\"width: 470px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-51552\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-51552\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Louis-IX-Saint-Louis-460x669.jpg\" alt=\"Louis IX - Saint Louis\" width=\"460\" height=\"669\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Louis-IX-Saint-Louis-460x669.jpg 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Louis-IX-Saint-Louis-768x1116.jpg 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Louis-IX-Saint-Louis-103x150.jpg 103w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Louis-IX-Saint-Louis.jpg 849w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-51552\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Louis IX, dit Saint Louis, dans la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bible_moralis%C3%A9e_de_Tol%C3%A8de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bible moralis\u00e9e de Tol\u00e8de<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 22px;\">Quant \u00e0 Louis IX&#8230; \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 <span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/\">( Retour au d\u00e9but \u21d1\u21d1 )<\/a><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">&#8230;parfois <a title=\"Surnom\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Surnom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dit<\/a>\u00a0<span class=\"citation\">\u00ab le Prud&rsquo;homme \u00bb<\/span>\u00a0et plus commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9\u00a0<b>Saint Louis, <\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">est un\u00a0<\/span>roi de France<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u00a0<\/span>cap\u00e9tien<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u00a0n\u00e9 le\u00a0<\/span><time class=\"nowrap bday\" style=\"font-family: inherit;\" datetime=\"1214-05-02\" data-sort-value=\"1214-05-02\">25 avril 1214<\/time><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0<\/span>Poissy<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u00a0et mort le\u00a0<\/span><time class=\"nowrap dday\" style=\"font-family: inherit;\" datetime=\"1270-09-01\" data-sort-value=\"1270-09-01\">25 ao\u00fbt 1270<\/time><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0<\/span>Carthage<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">, pr\u00e8s de\u00a0<\/span>Tunis<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">Il r\u00e9gna pendant plus de\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"nowrap\" style=\"font-family: inherit;\">43 ans<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">, de 1226 jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 sa mort. Consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un\u00a0<\/span>saint<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u00a0de son vivant, il est\u00a0<\/span>canonis\u00e9<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u00a0par l&rsquo;<\/span>\u00c9glise catholique<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u00a0en 1297.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">roi de France de 1226 \u00e0 1270, il occupe une place singuli\u00e8re dans l\u2019historiographie m\u00e9di\u00e9vale. Canonis\u00e9 en 1297 par Boniface VIII, il demeure le seul roi de France devenu officiellement saint, ce qui en fait \u00e0 la fois un personnage historique et un mod\u00e8le moral construit par la tradition monarchique. Cependant, au-del\u00e0 de l\u2019image hagiographique transmise par Joinville ou par les r\u00e9cits officiels, le r\u00e8gne de Louis IX s\u2019inscrit dans un contexte sp\u00e9cifique: un royaume en voie de consolidation politique, une chr\u00e9tient\u00e9 occidentale travers\u00e9e par les tensions religieuses, et un syst\u00e8me f\u00e9odal en transformation.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><br data-start=\"1124\" data-end=\"1127\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Si les historiens du XIX\u1d49 si\u00e8cle l\u2019ont souvent pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme \u00ab l\u2019apog\u00e9e de la monarchie f\u00e9odale \u00bb, les approches plus r\u00e9centes \u2014 de Jacques Le Goff \u00e0 Jean Richard \u2014 invitent \u00e0 nuancer cette vision en soulignant les tensions entre sa pi\u00e9t\u00e9 personnelle, sa conception de la royaut\u00e9 et les enjeux politiques r\u00e9els du XIII\u1d49 si\u00e8cle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><br \/>\nApr\u00e8s plus de <span class=\"nowrap\">43 ann\u00e9es<\/span>\u00a0de r\u00e8gne, le roi Louis\u00a0<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"9\"><span class=\"romain\">IX<\/span><\/abbr>\u00a0s&rsquo;\u00e9teint le 25 ao\u00fbt 1270 \u00e0 Carthage, victime \u00e0 son tour de l&rsquo;\u00e9pid\u00e9mie qui frappe son arm\u00e9e, \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge de\u00a0<span class=\"nowrap\">56 ans<\/span>. La peste, la dysenterie ou le typhus sont longtemps avanc\u00e9s comme causes possibles de sa mort. Une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e en 2015 par\u00a0<a title=\"Philippe Charlier\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippe_Charlier\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Philippe Charlier<\/a>\u00a0sur les reliques attribu\u00e9es au roi et dispers\u00e9es lors de sa canonisation, en 1297, suppose qu&rsquo;il souffrait de\u00a0scorbut\u00a0et serait mort de\u00a0<a title=\"Bilharziose\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bilharziose\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bilharziose&#8230;<\/a><br \/>\nIl dut certainement contrarier Dieu&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Louis IX \u00e0 Aigues-Mortes : un projet royal, strat\u00e9gique et spirituel<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>I. Pourquoi Aigues-Mortes ? Une fondation strat\u00e9gique et politique<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u00c0 son accession au tr\u00f4ne, Louis IX ne dispose <strong>d\u2019aucun port royal sur la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/strong>.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Or, mener une croisade n\u00e9cessite un point d\u2019embarquement s\u00fbr, loyal au roi, et prot\u00e9g\u00e9 des pressions des grands seigneurs locaux (notamment les comtes de Toulouse ou les vicomtes de Narbonne).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u25cf <strong>Un territoire contr\u00f4l\u00e9 directement par le roi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Aigues-Mortes est l\u2019un des rares territoires du Sud appartenant <strong>directement au domaine royal<\/strong> (Barons de Posqui\u00e8res\/du roi).<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Cela permet \u00e0 Louis IX d\u2019\u00e9viter la d\u00e9pendance envers les ports soumis \u00e0 d\u2019autres puissances :<\/span><\/div>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Marseille (comtes de Provence, alli\u00e9s mais pas totalement fiables),<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Montpellier (Jourdains d\u2019Anduze puis rois de Majorque),<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Narbonne (archev\u00eaque puissant).<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Aigues-Mortes offre donc au roi un <strong>outil politique autonome<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u25cf <strong>Un emplacement aux portes de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">La r\u00e9gion est un <strong>mar\u00e9cage sal\u00e9<\/strong>, mais elle poss\u00e8de deux atouts majeurs :<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">proximit\u00e9 avec la mer (via les graus et \u00e9tangs),<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">espace disponible pour \u00eatre transform\u00e9 en port artificiel.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Louis IX y voit un lieu transformable selon ses besoins.<\/span><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>II. La construction du port : un chantier royal exceptionnel<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Entre 1241 et 1248, le roi lance de <strong>grands travaux<\/strong> pour faire d\u2019Aigues-Mortes un port capable d\u2019accueillir des dizaines de navires.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u25cf Les am\u00e9nagements r\u00e9alis\u00e9s<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Creusement du canal du Grau-du-Roi<\/strong> pour relier le port \u00e0 la mer.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Construction de quais, d\u2019entrep\u00f4ts, de bassins portuaires.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Ass\u00e8chement partiel et stabilisation des sols mar\u00e9cageux.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Mise en place d\u2019infrastructures pour les troupes et les p\u00e8lerins.<\/span><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u00a0<strong>La tour de Constance (1242\u20131254)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Monument embl\u00e9matique, la <strong>tour de Constance<\/strong> sert :<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">de tour de guet,<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">de lieu de stockage,<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">de point de contr\u00f4le militaire,<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">de symbole de l\u2019autorit\u00e9 royale dans le Midi.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Elle marque la pr\u00e9sence mat\u00e9rielle du roi dans une r\u00e9gion encore marqu\u00e9e par le souvenir de la <strong>croisade contre les Albigeois<\/strong>.<\/span><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>III. R\u00f4le d\u2019Aigues-Mortes dans les croisades de Louis IX<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u25cf <strong>A. L\u2019embarquement pour la 7\u1d49 croisade (1248)<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">C\u2019est depuis ce port que Louis IX part pour l\u2019\u00c9gypte.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Selon Joinville, le roi passe plusieurs jours en pri\u00e8re avant l\u2019embarquement, renfor\u00e7ant la dimension <strong>sacr\u00e9e<\/strong> du port.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Plusieurs milliers d\u2019hommes, chevaux, provisions, artisans, religieux et navires se rassemblent \u00e0 Aigues-Mortes avant de prendre la mer vers Chypre.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u25cf <strong>B. La 8\u1d49 croisade (1270)<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Bien que moins document\u00e9, Louis IX repasse par Aigues-Mortes pour lancer sa derni\u00e8re croisade contre Tunis, sur laquelle il mourra.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u00c0 nouveau, le port sert de base logistique majeure.<\/span><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>IV. Port\u00e9e politique, religieuse et symbolique<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u25cf <strong>A. Un outil politique : affirmer la pr\u00e9sence royale dans le Sud<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Apr\u00e8s les conflits religieux du Languedoc, Aigues-Mortes permet au roi de :<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">renforcer son autorit\u00e9 sur une r\u00e9gion r\u00e9cemment int\u00e9gr\u00e9e,<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">s\u2019implanter sur des terres o\u00f9 le pouvoir royal \u00e9tait faible,<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">affirmer que la monarchie n\u2019est plus cantonn\u00e9e au Nord.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u25cf <strong>B. Un instrument religieux : la croisade comme mission royale<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le port devient une sorte de <strong>porte sacr\u00e9e vers l\u2019Orient<\/strong>, marqu\u00e9e par :<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">les pri\u00e8res collectives,<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction des banni\u00e8res,<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">les processions de d\u00e9part.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Ce lieu mat\u00e9rialise la mission divine que Louis IX se donne.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u25cf <strong>C. Un symbole de l\u2019\u00c9tat cap\u00e9tien en construction<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Aigues-Mortes incarne une monarchie :<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">plus centralis\u00e9e,<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">mieux organis\u00e9e,<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">capable de mobiliser le royaume autour d\u2019un projet commun.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>V. Apr\u00e8s Louis IX : un port d\u00e9clinant mais un h\u00e9ritage durable<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">M\u00eame si Aigues-Mortes perd progressivement son importance strat\u00e9gique :<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">ensablement de plus en plus important, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">mont\u00e9e en puissance de Marseille apr\u00e8s son int\u00e9gration au royaume en 1481,<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">r\u00e9orientation du commerce vers l\u2019Atlantique. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le site garde un r\u00f4le symbolique et militaire (fortifications, garnison).<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Il devient un <strong>haut lieu m\u00e9moriel de Saint Louis<\/strong>, souvent associ\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019id\u00e9al du roi crois\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Aigues-Mortes n\u2019est pas seulement un port :<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">c\u2019est une <strong>cr\u00e9ation politique majeure<\/strong> de Louis IX, \u00e0 la crois\u00e9e du spirituel et du strat\u00e9gique.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le roi y affirme son autorit\u00e9 dans le Sud, y pr\u00e9pare ses exp\u00e9ditions militaires, et en fait un outil de prestige pour la monarchie cap\u00e9tienne.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le site garde aujourd\u2019hui encore l\u2019empreinte de ce moment unique o\u00f9 la politique royale, les ambitions g\u00e9opolitiques et la ferveur religieuse se sont rencontr\u00e9es.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; text-align: justify;\">\n<div data-start=\"283\" data-end=\"320\"><strong data-start=\"286\" data-end=\"320\">Ouvrages g\u00e9n\u00e9raux sur Louis IX<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><strong data-start=\"324\" data-end=\"343\">Jacques Le Goff<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"345\" data-end=\"358\">Saint Louis<\/em>, Gallimard, \u00ab Biblioth\u00e8que des Histoires \u00bb, 1996.<br data-start=\"408\" data-end=\"411\" \/>\u279d Ouvrage de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, tr\u00e8s complet, approche anthropologique et politique.<strong data-start=\"495\" data-end=\"511\">Jean Richard<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"513\" data-end=\"580\">Saint Louis, roi d\u2019une France f\u00e9odale, soutien de la Terre sainte<\/em>, Fayard, 1983.<br data-start=\"595\" data-end=\"598\" \/>\u279d Lecture classique, centr\u00e9e sur la diplomatie et les croisades.<strong data-start=\"670\" data-end=\"687\">G\u00e9rard Siv\u00e9ry<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"699\">Louis IX<\/em>, Fayard, 1983.<br data-start=\"714\" data-end=\"717\" \/>\u279d Synth\u00e8se claire, tr\u00e8s utile pour comprendre la construction du pouvoir royal.<strong data-start=\"804\" data-end=\"828\">Dominique Barth\u00e9lemy<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"830\" data-end=\"866\">La France des Cap\u00e9tiens (987-1328)<\/em>, Hachette, 2010.<br data-start=\"883\" data-end=\"886\" \/>\u279d Contexte politique et social du r\u00e8gne.<\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"931\" data-end=\"934\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"936\" data-end=\"966\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"939\" data-end=\"966\">Travaux sur la croisade<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<div data-start=\"970\" data-end=\"1134\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"970\" data-end=\"988\">Malcolm Barber<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1011\">The Crusader States<\/em>, Yale University Press, 2012.<\/span><br data-start=\"1041\" data-end=\"1044\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u279d Contexte large des croisades, bon compl\u00e9ment pour situer les exp\u00e9ditions de Louis IX.<\/span><\/div>\n<div data-start=\"1139\" data-end=\"1290\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"1139\" data-end=\"1153\">Jean Flori<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"1155\" data-end=\"1210\">La guerre sainte : la formation de l\u2019id\u00e9e de croisade<\/em>, Complexe, 2001.<\/span><br data-start=\"1227\" data-end=\"1230\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u279d Fondements id\u00e9ologiques de la croisade au XIII\u1d49 si\u00e8cle.<\/span><\/div>\n<div data-start=\"1295\" data-end=\"1475\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"1295\" data-end=\"1308\">Joinville<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"1310\" data-end=\"1335\">Histoire de Saint Louis<\/em> (\u00e9dition de Jacques Monfrin ou de Le Goff).<\/span><br data-start=\"1379\" data-end=\"1382\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u279d Source fondamentale, t\u00e9moignage direct sur les croisades et la personnalit\u00e9 de Louis IX.<\/span><\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"1477\" data-end=\"1480\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"1482\" data-end=\"1539\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"1485\" data-end=\"1539\">Ouvrages sur Aigues-Mortes et l\u2019urbanisme m\u00e9di\u00e9val<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<div data-start=\"1543\" data-end=\"1755\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"1543\" data-end=\"1566\">H\u00e9l\u00e8ne D\u00e9bax (dir.)<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"1568\" data-end=\"1610\">Aigues-Mortes : un port pour la croisade<\/em>, Presses Universitaires du Midi, 2014.<\/span><br data-start=\"1649\" data-end=\"1652\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u279d Ouvrage sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9, excellent pour comprendre les raisons strat\u00e9giques et la construction du port.<\/span><\/div>\n<div data-start=\"1760\" data-end=\"1901\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"1760\" data-end=\"1783\">Claude-Marie Robion<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"1785\" data-end=\"1826\">Aigues-Mortes, la ville et les remparts<\/em>, \u00c9ditions Zodiaque, 2001.<\/span><br data-start=\"1852\" data-end=\"1855\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u279d Description historique et architecturale.<\/span><\/div>\n<div data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"2075\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"1926\">Jean-Paul Boyer<\/strong>, \u00ab Les ports du Midi m\u00e9di\u00e9val \u00bb, dans <em data-start=\"1965\" data-end=\"1982\">Annales du Midi<\/em>, 2007.<\/span><br data-start=\"1989\" data-end=\"1992\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u279d Article essentiel pour replacer Aigues-Mortes dans le r\u00e9seau des ports du Sud.<\/span><\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"2077\" data-end=\"2080\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"2082\" data-end=\"2119\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"2085\" data-end=\"2119\">Articles et \u00e9tudes pertinentes<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<div data-start=\"2124\" data-end=\"2300\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"2124\" data-end=\"2146\">Philippe Contamine<\/strong>, \u00ab La construction de l\u2019\u00c9tat cap\u00e9tien \u00bb, <em data-start=\"2188\" data-end=\"2206\">Revue Historique<\/em>, 1990.<\/span><br data-start=\"2213\" data-end=\"2216\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u279d Pour comprendre la port\u00e9e administrative et politique des projets de Louis IX.<\/span><\/div>\n<div data-start=\"2306\" data-end=\"2505\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"2306\" data-end=\"2320\">Michel Bur<\/strong>, \u00ab Le r\u00f4le politique du Languedoc apr\u00e8s la croisade albigeoise \u00bb, <em data-start=\"2387\" data-end=\"2408\">Cahiers de Fanjeaux<\/em>, 1993.<\/span><br data-start=\"2415\" data-end=\"2418\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u279d Contexte r\u00e9gional crucial pour comprendre pourquoi Aigues-Mortes est strat\u00e9gique.<\/span><\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"2507\" data-end=\"2510\" \/>\n<div data-start=\"2512\" data-end=\"2539\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"2515\" data-end=\"2539\">Sources essentielles<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div data-start=\"2544\" data-end=\"2600\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"2544\" data-end=\"2557\">Joinville<\/strong>, <em data-start=\"2559\" data-end=\"2579\">Vie de Saint Louis<\/em> (source primaire).<\/span><\/div>\n<div data-start=\"2605\" data-end=\"2684\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong data-start=\"2605\" data-end=\"2652\">Les \u00c9tudes et \u00c9tablissements de Saint Louis<\/strong> (textes juridiques du r\u00e8gne).<\/span><\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"2686\" data-end=\"2689\" \/>\n<p data-start=\"2969\" data-end=\"3010\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"7219\" data-end=\"7961\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Louis IX demeure une figure centrale de l\u2019histoire m\u00e9di\u00e9vale fran\u00e7aise, non seulement en raison de sa canonisation, mais aussi parce que son r\u00e8gne marque une phase d\u00e9cisive de la construction \u00e9tatique.<\/span><br data-start=\"7420\" data-end=\"7423\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Ses r\u00e9formes administratives, son sens aigu de la justice et son m\u00e9c\u00e9nat culturel en font un souverain exceptionnellement influent dans la longue dur\u00e9e.<\/span><br data-start=\"7575\" data-end=\"7578\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Cependant, son rigorisme religieux, son intol\u00e9rance envers les minorit\u00e9s et l\u2019\u00e9chec de ses croisades invitent \u00e0 une lecture plus critique que celle de l\u2019hagiographie traditionnelle.<\/span><br data-start=\"7759\" data-end=\"7762\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Loin d\u2019\u00eatre un mod\u00e8le univoque, Saint Louis appara\u00eet plut\u00f4t comme une figure complexe, \u00e0 la fois <strong data-start=\"7859\" data-end=\"7894\">pr\u00e9curseur de l\u2019\u00c9tat centralis\u00e9<\/strong> et <strong data-start=\"7898\" data-end=\"7960\">h\u00e9ritier d\u2019une vision sacrale et parfois rigide du pouvoir<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"7963\" data-end=\"7966\" \/>\n<h1 data-start=\"7968\" data-end=\"8003\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong data-start=\"7970\" data-end=\"8003\">Louis IX<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<div class=\"TyagGW_tableContainer\">\n<div class=\"group TyagGW_tableWrapper flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" cellpadding=\"20\" data-start=\"8005\" data-end=\"8771\">\n<thead data-start=\"8005\" data-end=\"8071\">\n<tr data-start=\"8005\" data-end=\"8071\">\n<th data-start=\"8005\" data-end=\"8037\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; font-size: 20px;\"><strong data-start=\"8007\" data-end=\"8036\">Aspects positifs (avec pol\u00e9miques)<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n<th data-start=\"8037\" data-end=\"8071\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong data-start=\"8039\" data-end=\"8069\">Aspects n\u00e9gatifs (Historiquement r\u00e9els )<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"8139\" data-end=\"8771\">\n<tr data-start=\"8139\" data-end=\"8225\">\n<td data-start=\"8139\" data-end=\"8182\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Consolidation de la monarchie cap\u00e9tienne<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8182\" data-end=\"8225\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px; color: #ff0000;\">Centralisation per\u00e7ue comme autoritaire<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8226\" data-end=\"8313\">\n<td data-start=\"8226\" data-end=\"8268\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">R\u00e9formes judiciaires et administratives<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8268\" data-end=\"8313\" data-col-size=\"md\"><em><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">R\u00e9pression religieuse (juifs, h\u00e9r\u00e9tiques)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8314\" data-end=\"8396\">\n<td data-start=\"8314\" data-end=\"8357\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Essor \u00e9conomique et stabilit\u00e9 du royaume<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8357\" data-end=\"8396\" data-col-size=\"md\"><em><span style=\"font-size: 18px; color: #ff0000;\">Morale publique rigide et normative<\/span><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8397\" data-end=\"8470\">\n<td data-start=\"8397\" data-end=\"8438\" data-col-size=\"md\"><em><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Rayonnement culturel (Sainte-Chapelle)<\/span><\/em><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8438\" data-end=\"8470\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px; color: #ff0000;\">\u00c9checs r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s des croisades<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8471\" data-end=\"8572\">\n<td data-start=\"8471\" data-end=\"8513\" data-col-size=\"md\"><em><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Image de roi juste, accessible et pieux<\/span><\/em><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8513\" data-end=\"8572\" data-col-size=\"md\"><em><span style=\"font-size: 18px; color: #ff0000;\">D\u00e9cisions guid\u00e9es par un mysticisme parfois irrationnel<\/span><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8573\" data-end=\"8654\">\n<td data-start=\"8573\" data-end=\"8609\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Meilleure structuration de l\u2019\u00c9tat<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8609\" data-end=\"8654\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px; color: #ff0000;\">Co\u00fbt financier tr\u00e8s lourd des exp\u00e9ditions<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8655\" data-end=\"8771\">\n<td data-start=\"8655\" data-end=\"8713\" data-col-size=\"md\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">D\u00e9veloppement des institutions (Parlement, universit\u00e9s)<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8713\" data-end=\"8771\" data-col-size=\"md\"><em><span style=\"font-size: 18px; color: #ff0000;\">Vision du pouvoir trop li\u00e9e au mod\u00e8le de la chr\u00e9tient\u00e9<\/span><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-start=\"283\" data-end=\"320\"><strong data-start=\"286\" data-end=\"320\">\u00a0<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;\" cellpadding=\"15\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<h4>Liens pour les Italiens\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/\">(Retour \u00e0 l&rsquo;article \u21d1\u21d1)<\/a><\/h4>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a id=\"SRC01\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Massacre_of_Italians_at_Aigues-Mortes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Massacre_of_Italians_at_Aigues-Mortes<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mediatheques.montpellier3m.fr\/ESBAMA\/doc\/CAMO\/1099549\/le-massacre-des-italiens-aigues-mortes-17-aout-1893\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/mediatheques.montpellier3m.fr\/ESBAMA\/doc\/CAMO\/1099549\/le-massacre-des-italiens-aigues-mortes-17-aout-1893<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.fr\/histoire\/aout-1893-le-massacre-des-italiens-a-aigues-mortes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.fr\/histoire\/aout-1893-le-massacre-des-italiens-a-aigues-mortes<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/clio-cr.clionautes.org\/le-massacre-des-italiens-aigues-mortes-17-aout-1893.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/clio-cr.clionautes.org\/le-massacre-des-italiens-aigues-mortes-17-aout-1893.html<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Massacre_des_Italiens_d&#039;Aigues-Mortes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Massacre_des_Italiens_d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.schoolmouv.fr\/evenements-historiques\/massacre-d-aigues-mortes-16-et-17-aout-1893\/evenement-historique\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.schoolmouv.fr\/evenements-historiques\/massacre-d-aigues-mortes-16-et-17-aout-1893\/evenement-historique<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.openedition.org\/criminocorpus\/2622?lang=de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/journals.openedition.org\/criminocorpus\/2622?lang=de<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/revuehis.uqam.ca\/no-1-varia\/incidents-daigues-mortes-aout-1893-xenophobie-populaire-usages-politiques-de-levenement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/revuehis.uqam.ca\/no-1-varia\/incidents-daigues-mortes-aout-1893-xenophobie-populaire-usages-politiques-de-levenement\/<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.histoire-immigration.fr\/aigues-mortes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.histoire-immigration.fr\/aigues-mortes<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.univ-jfc.fr\/vphn\/le-massacre-des-italiens-a-aigues-mortes-en-1893-2022\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/blogs.univ-jfc.fr\/vphn\/le-massacre-des-italiens-a-aigues-mortes-en-1893-2022\/<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 8px;\">le Massacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes &#8211; le Massacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes Louis IX Louis IX Louis IX &#8211; le Massacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes &#8211; le Massacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes Louis IX Louis IX Louis IX<\/span><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"color: #ff007f;\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/report-a-problem\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"background-color: #320000;\">\u00a0 Signaler un probl\u00e8me \u2014 Report a problem\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/a> <a id=\"com\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69dc81aea1f3e\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table des mati\u00e8res<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69dc81aea1f3e\" checked \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/#le-%c2%abmassacre-des-italiens-daigues-mortes%c2%bb-nous-renvoie-aux-emeutes-des-16-17-aout-1893%e2%80%8b\" >Le \u00abmassacre des Italiens d&rsquo;Aigues-Mortes\u00bb nous renvoie aux \u00e9meutes des 16 &amp; 17 ao\u00fbt 1893\u200b.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/#-retour-au-debut-%e2%87%91%e2%87%91\" >\u00a0( Retour au d\u00e9but \u21d1\u21d1 )<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/#contexte\" >Contexte<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/#violences\" >Violences<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/#le-massacre-des-16%e2%80%9317-aout\" >Le massacre des 16\u201317 ao\u00fbt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/#suites-judiciaires-et-diplomatiques\" >Suites judiciaires et diplomatiques<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/#memoire-de-levenement\" >M\u00e9moire de l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/2\/#quant-a-limportance%e2%80%a6\" >Quant \u00e0 l&rsquo;importance&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#quant-a-louis-ix%e2%80%a6-retour-au-debut-%e2%87%91%e2%87%91\" >Quant \u00e0 Louis IX&#8230; \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0( Retour au d\u00e9but \u21d1\u21d1 )<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#i\" >\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#louis-ix-a-aigues-mortes-un-projet-royal-strategique-et-spirituel\" >Louis IX \u00e0 Aigues-Mortes : un projet royal, strat\u00e9gique et spirituel<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#i-pourquoi-aigues-mortes-une-fondation-strategique-et-politique\" >I. Pourquoi Aigues-Mortes ? Une fondation strat\u00e9gique et politique<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#%e2%97%8f-un-territoire-controle-directement-par-le-roi\" >\u25cf Un territoire contr\u00f4l\u00e9 directement par le roi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#%e2%97%8f-un-emplacement-aux-portes-de-la-mediterranee\" >\u25cf Un emplacement aux portes de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#ii-la-construction-du-port-un-chantier-royal-exceptionnel\" >II. La construction du port : un chantier royal exceptionnel<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#travaux-sur-la-croisade\" >Travaux sur la croisade<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#ouvrages-sur-aigues-mortes-et-lurbanisme-medieval\" >Ouvrages sur Aigues-Mortes et l\u2019urbanisme m\u00e9di\u00e9val<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#articles-et-etudes-pertinentes\" >Articles et \u00e9tudes pertinentes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#louis-ix\" >Louis IX<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/3\/#liens-pour-les-italiens-retour-a-larticle-%e2%87%91%e2%87%91\" >Liens pour les Italiens\u00a0 (Retour \u00e0 l&rsquo;article \u21d1\u21d1)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 9<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span>\u2026 <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/aigues-mortes-louis-xi-les-italiens\/\">Suite &#8211; Continue reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":51562,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,4062,2476],"tags":[4060,4061,4059,4058],"class_list":["post-51525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tous-les-articles","category-histoire","category-voyage","tag-capetiens","tag-croisades","tag-louis-ix","tag-massacre-des-italiens-daigues-mortes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51525"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52425,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51525\/revisions\/52425"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/51562"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}