{"id":16504,"date":"2015-10-27T06:30:04","date_gmt":"2015-10-27T05:30:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/?p=16504"},"modified":"2026-10-23T09:02:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-23T07:02:47","slug":"paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/","title":{"rendered":"Paestum: Le plongeur et la lumi\u00e8re."},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 ez-toc-wrap-left-text counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6ae12a604bdf3\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table des mati\u00e8res<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6ae12a604bdf3\" checked \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#photographies-du-lieu-en-noir-et-blanc\" >Photographies du lieu en noir et blanc.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#juillet-2015-sous-le-soleil-de-campanie\" >Juillet 2015 : Sous le soleil de Campanie<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#la-tombe-du-plongeur-et-le-regard-de-goethe\" >La tombe du plongeur et le regard de Goethe<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#le-site-archeologique-de-campanie\" >le site arch\u00e9ologique de Campanie<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#quatre-oeuvres-artistiques-temoignent-dune-civilisation-passee%e2%80%a6\" >Quatre \u0153uvres artistiques t\u00e9moignent d\u2019une civilisation pass\u00e9e\u2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#ovide-les-metamorphoses-livre-xv-paestum-parfumee-de-roses\" >Ovide, Les M\u00e9tamorphoses, livre XV : Paestum parfum\u00e9e de roses<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#paestum-memoire-de-la-grande-grece-une-histoire-gravee-dans-la-pierre-retour\" >Paestum, m\u00e9moire de la Grande-Gr\u00e8ce : une histoire grav\u00e9e dans la pierre\u00a0 \u00a0[Retour]\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#une-terre-habitee-depuis-la-prehistoire\" >Une terre habit\u00e9e depuis la pr\u00e9histoire<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#vers-600-av-j-c-la-fondation-de-poseidonia\" >Vers 600 av. J.-C. : la fondation de Poseidonia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#les-grands-temples-laffirmation-dune-cite-grecque\" >Les grands temples : l&rsquo;affirmation d&rsquo;une cit\u00e9 grecque<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#la-cite-lucanienne-une-nouvelle-culture-une-autre-identite\" >La cit\u00e9 lucanienne : une nouvelle culture, une autre identit\u00e9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#273-av-j-c-larrivee-des-romains\" >273 av. J.-C. : l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e des Romains<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#la-vie-quotidienne-dans-lancienne-paestum\" >La vie quotidienne dans l&rsquo;ancienne Paestum<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#le-declin-de-paestum-dans-lantiquite-tardive\" >Le d\u00e9clin de Paestum dans l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9 tardive<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#le-moyen-age-labandon-progressif-de-la-cite\" >Le Moyen \u00c2ge : l&rsquo;abandon progressif de la cit\u00e9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#le-xviiie-siecle-paestum-redecouverte-par-les-voyageurs-europeens\" >Le XVIIIe si\u00e8cle : Paestum red\u00e9couverte par les voyageurs europ\u00e9ens<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#le-xxe-siecle-les-fouilles-archeologiques-et-les-grandes-decouvertes\" >Le XXe si\u00e8cle : les fouilles arch\u00e9ologiques et les grandes d\u00e9couvertes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#paestum-aujourdhui-un-patrimoine-mondial\" >Paestum aujourd&rsquo;hui : un patrimoine mondial<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#conclusion-la-pierre-se-souvient-mais-elle-ne-raconte-jamais-tout\" >Conclusion : la pierre se souvient, mais elle ne raconte jamais tout<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#bibliographie-archeologique\" >Bibliographie arch\u00e9ologique<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#sources-antiques\" >Sources antiques<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#etudes-archeologiques\" >\u00c9tudes arch\u00e9ologiques<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/#pour-aller-plus-loin-en-ligne\" >Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 15<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Juillet 2015 : photographies de <a href=\"#HT01\"><strong>Paestum<\/strong><\/a> en noir et blanc des temples doriques, la tombe du plongeur.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Goethe et Ovide, aux confins de la Grande-Gr\u00e8ce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 15px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Suggestion d&rsquo;\u00e9coute :<\/strong> <a title=\"La Valle dei Templi, composition musicale de Frank Lovisolo\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/valle-dei-templi-di-agrigento\/\">La Valle dei Templi<\/a><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/frankcesarlovisolo.bandcamp.com\/track\/la-valle-dei-templi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-51127\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/bandcamp-logotype-color-400-Frank.png\" alt=\"\u00c9couter La Valle dei Templi sur Bandcamp\" width=\"303\" height=\"25\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/bandcamp-logotype-color-400-Frank.png 400w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/bandcamp-logotype-color-400-Frank-250x21.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/bandcamp-logotype-color-400-Frank-150x12.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 303px) 100vw, 303px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"#com\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-15068\" title=\"Commentaires\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/ComNoir.jpg\" alt=\"Aller aux commentaires\" width=\"250\" height=\"20\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"photographies-du-lieu-en-noir-et-blanc\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><a id=\"DEB\"><\/a>Photographies du lieu en noir et blanc.<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><div class=\"flagallerywraper\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><div class=\"flagallery flaslider_skin\" id=\"FlaGallery_sc1_149\" style=\"width:1024px;margin:0 auto;\"><script type=\"text\/javascript\">(function(){this['FlaGallery_sc1_149']={'settings':{\"sliderHeightRetio\":\"0.8\",\"sliderPreloaderColor\":\"#ffffff\",\"sliderBgColor\":\"rgb(255, 255, 255)\",\"sliderHeaderFooterBgColor\":\"rgb(255, 255, 255)\",\"sliderNavigationColor\":\"rgba(82, 82, 82, 0.81)\",\"sliderNavigationIconColor\":\"rgb(255, 255, 255)\",\"sliderItemDescriptionBlock\":\"0\",\"sliderItemTitleFontSize\":\"14\",\"sliderItemTitleTextColor\":\"#515151\",\"sliderItemDescriptionFontSize\":\"14\",\"sliderItemDescriptionTextColor\":\"#545454\",\"sliderThumbBarEnable\":\"1\",\"sliderThumbBarHoverColor\":\"#ffffff\",\"sliderThumbSubMenuBackgroundColor\":\"rgb(255, 255, 255)\",\"sliderThumbSubMenuBackgroundColorOver\":\"rgba(255,255,255,1)\",\"sliderThumbSubMenuIconColor\":\"rgb(0, 0, 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255)\",\"modalInfoBoxTitleTextColor\":\"#000000\",\"shareTitlePlaceHolder\":\"Share\",\"modalInfoBoxTextColor\":\"#333333\",\"infoBarExifEnable\":\"0\",\"infoBarCountersEnable\":\"0\",\"infoBarDateInfoEnable\":\"0\",\"customCSS\":\"\",\"key\":\"2b91304c71a96bd3dd001bdb3bf4a76f\",\"name\":\"GRANDPackPlus\",\"galleryID\":\"sc1_149\",\"post_url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/frank-lovisolo.fr\\\/WordPress\\\/wp-json\\\/wp\\\/v2\\\/posts\\\/16504\",\"module_url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/frank-lovisolo.fr\\\/WordPress\\\/wp-content\\\/plugins\\\/flagallery-skins\\\/flaslider\\\/\"}, 'data':[{\"gallery\":{\"gid\":\"149\",\"name\":\"paestum-le-site\",\"path\":\"https:\\\/\\\/frank-lovisolo.fr\\\/WordPress\\\/wp-content\\\/flagallery\\\/paestum-le-site\",\"title\":\"Paestum - Le site\",\"galdesc\":\"\"},\"data\":[{\"pid\":\"10446\",\"filename\":\"paestum-01.jpg\",\"description\":\"\",\"alttext\":\"\",\"link\":null,\"imagedate\":\"1970-01-01 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src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-16.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-17.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-18.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-19.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-20.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-21.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-22.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-23.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-24.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-25.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-26.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-27.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-28.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-29.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-30.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-31.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-32.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-33.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-34.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-35.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-36.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-37.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-38.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-39.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-40.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-41.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-42.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-43.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-44.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-45.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-46.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-47.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-48.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-49.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-50.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-51.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy no-lazyload noLazy\" data-lazy-src=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/flagallery\/paestum-le-site\/paestum-52.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"-\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-53716 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png\" alt=\"&quot;&quot;\" width=\"460\" height=\"18\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-250x10.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-150x6.png 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"juillet-2015-sous-le-soleil-de-campanie\"><\/span><strong>J<span style=\"font-size: 22px;\">uillet 2015 : Sous le soleil de Campanie<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;\">Juillet 2015&#8230; Un peu au sud de Naples, Paestum git sous ce soleil de Campanie, depuis le VII<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle av. J.-C.<br \/>\nL\u2019astre, inlassablement, si\u00e8cle apr\u00e8s si\u00e8cle, \u00e9crase l\u2019ombre des pierres et mordore la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation.<br \/>\nIl y a quatre couleurs : le bleu, un vert presque noir, le jaune d\u2019or de l\u2019herbe s\u00e8che et cette pierre d\u2019un p\u00e2le ocre gris.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;\">Incertain des nuances photographiques, je d\u00e9cide le noir et blanc.<br \/>\nLa rudesse du lieu tranche avec le gracile et antique plongeur \u00e0 qui l\u2019on attribue une tombe.<br \/>\nLa M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e est proche et je crois qu\u2019\u00e0 cette \u00e9poque elle l\u2019\u00e9tait encore plus. Pourtant, on l\u2019imagine plut\u00f4t piquer vers un bassin.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;\">Ici, il y a de la <a title=\"Grande-Gr\u00e8ce\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grande-Gr%C3%A8ce\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Grande-Gr\u00e8ce<\/a> et de la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sicile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sicile<\/a>&#8230; Les <a title=\"La Vall\u00e9e des Temples d&#039;Agrigente\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/valle-dei-templi-di-agrigento\/\">temples<\/a> sans doute&#8230;<br \/>\nC\u2019est calme, un grand contraste avec <a title=\"Naples, la lumi\u00e8re des contrastes\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/napoli-la-luce-dei-contrasti\/\">Naples<\/a> o\u00f9 nous s\u00e9journons.<br \/>\nJ\u2019apprends que <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Johann Wolfgang von Goethe<\/a> visita le lieu&#8230;<br \/>\nIl arrivait de Sicile.<br \/>\nC\u2019est ainsi.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-53716 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png\" alt=\"&quot;&quot;\" width=\"460\" height=\"18\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-250x10.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-150x6.png 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"la-tombe-du-plongeur-et-le-regard-de-goethe\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><strong>La tombe du plongeur et le regard de Goethe<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_16506\" style=\"width: 570px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16506\" class=\"wp-image-16506 size-medium\" title=\"Paestum - la tombe du plongeur\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Paestum-la-tombe-du-plongeur-560x294.jpg\" alt=\"Paestum : fresque de la tombe du plongeur, vers 480 av. J.-C.\" width=\"560\" height=\"294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Paestum-la-tombe-du-plongeur-560x294.jpg 560w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Paestum-la-tombe-du-plongeur-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Paestum-la-tombe-du-plongeur-250x131.jpg 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Paestum-la-tombe-du-plongeur-150x79.jpg 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Paestum-la-tombe-du-plongeur.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-16506\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paestum : fresque de la tombe du plongeur (vers 480 av. J.-C.).<\/p><\/div>\n<blockquote style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;\"><p><em>\u00ab Dans la feuille ci-jointe, je dis quelque chose de ma course \u00e0 Salerne et \u00e0 Paestum.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>C\u2019est le dernier et, je pourrais dire, le plus admirable tableau que j\u2019emporte entier dans le Nord. Le temple du milieu est, selon moi, pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable \u00e0 tout ce que l\u2019on voit encore en Sicile. \u00bb<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Johann Wolfgang von Goethe<\/a>, <em>Voyage en Italie<\/em>, Naples, 17 mai 1787 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Voyage_en_Italie_(Goethe)\/Naples_(2)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">le texte complet sur Wikisource<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"le-site-archeologique-de-campanie\"><\/span><strong>le site arch\u00e9ologique de Campanie<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-25640\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/IMG_1666-560x291.jpg\" alt=\"Paestum, Campanie : vestiges du site arch\u00e9ologique\" width=\"460\" height=\"239\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/IMG_1666-560x291.jpg 560w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/IMG_1666-768x398.jpg 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/IMG_1666-1024x531.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/IMG_1666-250x130.jpg 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/IMG_1666-150x78.jpg 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/IMG_1666.jpg 1465w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;\">C&rsquo;est un site arch\u00e9ologique d\u2019Italie du Sud, sur la commune de Capaccio-Paestum, en Campanie. L\u2019ancienne Poseidonia, cit\u00e9 de la Grande-Gr\u00e8ce fond\u00e9e par des colons grecs \u00e0 la fin du VII<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle av. J.-C., devint Paestum \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque romaine.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;\">C\u2019est aujourd\u2019hui un important centre arch\u00e9ologique, comptant trois temples grecs doriques et un mus\u00e9e. Le site est inscrit depuis 1998 sur la liste du Patrimoine mondial de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 de l\u2019Unesco, au sein du Parc national du Cilento et du Val de Diano.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paestum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lire la suite sur Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-53716 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png\" alt=\"&quot;&quot;\" width=\"460\" height=\"18\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-250x10.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-150x6.png 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"quatre-oeuvres-artistiques-temoignent-dune-civilisation-passee%e2%80%a6\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><strong>Quatre \u0153uvres artistiques t\u00e9moignent d\u2019une civilisation pass\u00e9e\u2026<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>\u00ab L\u2019histoire est le t\u00e9moin des temps, la lumi\u00e8re de la v\u00e9rit\u00e9, la vie de la m\u00e9moire, l\u2019institutrice de la vie, la messag\u00e8re de l\u2019antiquit\u00e9. \u00bb<\/em><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cic%C3%A9ron\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cic\u00e9ron<\/a>, <em>De oratore<\/em>, II, 36<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">___<\/p>\n<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16522 size-large\" style=\"font-size: 16px;\" title=\"Paestum - Lovisolo\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"Paestum, temple dorique, photographie noir et blanc, juillet 2015 (1)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-560x373.jpg 560w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-225x150.jpg 225w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-53716 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png\" alt=\"&quot;&quot;\" width=\"460\" height=\"18\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-250x10.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-150x6.png 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16525 size-large\" title=\"Paestum - Lovisolo\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-4-1024x680.jpg\" alt=\"Paestum, colonnes doriques, photographie noir et blanc, juillet 2015 (2)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-4-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-4-560x372.jpg 560w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-4-226x150.jpg 226w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-4-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-4.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-53716 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png\" alt=\"&quot;&quot;\" width=\"460\" height=\"18\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-250x10.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-150x6.png 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16523 size-large\" title=\"Paestum - Lovisolo\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-2-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"Paestum, vestiges et lumi\u00e8re de Campanie, photographie noir et blanc (3)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-2-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-2-560x373.jpg 560w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-2-225x150.jpg 225w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-2-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-2.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-53716 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png\" alt=\"&quot;&quot;\" width=\"460\" height=\"18\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-250x10.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-150x6.png 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16524 size-large\" title=\"Paestum - Lovisolo\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-3-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"Paestum, site arch\u00e9ologique, photographie noir et blanc, juillet 2015 (4)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-3-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-3-560x373.jpg 560w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-3-225x150.jpg 225w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-3-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2030\/10\/Paestum-1-3.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-53716 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png\" alt=\"&quot;&quot;\" width=\"460\" height=\"18\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-250x10.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-150x6.png 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_33548\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Ovide.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33548\" class=\"size-full wp-image-33548\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Ovide.jpg\" alt=\"Buste d&#039;Ovide, Galerie des Offices, Florence\" width=\"450\" height=\"554\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Ovide.jpg 450w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Ovide-122x150.jpg 122w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-33548\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buste d&rsquo;Ovide, Galerie des Offices, Florence<\/p><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ovide-les-metamorphoses-livre-xv-paestum-parfumee-de-roses\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><strong>Ovide, Les M\u00e9tamorphoses, livre XV : Paestum parfum\u00e9e de roses<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px; padding-left: 80px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/bcs.fltr.ucl.ac.be\/META\/15.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ovide, Les M\u00e9tamorphoses, XV<\/a> \u2013 traduction (l\u00e9g\u00e8rement adapt\u00e9e) de G. T. Villenave, Paris, 1806.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px; padding-left: 80px;\"><strong>LIVRE QUINZE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"color: #660066;\"><em><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">&#8230; [697] Un vent l\u00e9ger enfle les voiles. Le dieu se redresse, repose sa t\u00eate sur la poupe, et regarde les ondes. Le vaisseau, sous la douce haleine des Z\u00e9phyrs, vogue sur la mer d&rsquo;Ionie, et, au lever de la sixi\u00e8me Aurore, il fend les flots qui baignent l&rsquo;Ausonie.<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"color: #660066;\"><em><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Il d\u00e9passe Lacinium, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre par le temple de Junon; et le golfe de Scylacium; s&rsquo;\u00e9loigne de l\u2019Iapygie, laisse \u00e0 gauche, \u00e0 force de rames, les rochers d&rsquo;Amphrise; \u00e0 droite les monts de C\u00e9lennie; c\u00f4toie Rom\u00e9thium, et Caulon, et Narycie; surmonte tous les dangers de ces mers difficiles; double le promontoire de P\u00e9lore; poursuit sa route devant le royaume d&rsquo;\u00c9ole, devant T\u00e9m\u00e8se, riche de ses m\u00e9taux, devant Leucosie, et <strong>Paestum<\/strong>, au doux climat, que parfument les roses.<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"color: #660066;\"><em><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Il cingle vers Capr\u00e9e, et le promontoire de Minerve, et les collines de Sorrente, si fertiles en vins g\u00e9n\u00e9reux; et la ville d&rsquo;H\u00e9racl\u00e9e, et celle de Stabies, et celle de Parth\u00e9nope, s\u00e9jour des doux loisirs. Il laisse derri\u00e8re lui le temple de la Sibylle de Cumes, Ba\u00efes et ses fontaines br\u00fblantes; Literne, dont la campagne est couverte de lentisques; le Volturne, qui roule tant de sable avec ses flots; Sinuesse, o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on voit tant de blanches colombes; Minturne et son air pesant; Ca\u00ef\u00e8te, o\u00f9 le pieux \u00c9n\u00e9e ensevelit sa nourrice; Formium, o\u00f9 r\u00e9gna le cruel Antiphate; Thrachas, qu&rsquo;un marais environne; et la terre de Circ\u00e9, et le rivage resserr\u00e9 d&rsquo;Antium.<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-53716 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png\" alt=\"&quot;&quot;\" width=\"460\" height=\"18\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-250x10.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-150x6.png 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><strong><a id=\"HT01\"><\/a>Frank C\u00e9sar Lovisolo avec <\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/le-piemont-italie\/6\/#GF01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Giulia Ferrante<\/a> &amp; <a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/le-piemont-italie\/6\/#GP01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Giuseppina Pavese<\/a>, mes affolantes assistantes virtuelles :<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"paestum-memoire-de-la-grande-grece-une-histoire-gravee-dans-la-pierre-retour\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 24px;\">Paestum, m\u00e9moire de la Grande-Gr\u00e8ce : une histoire grav\u00e9e dans la pierre\u00a0 <span style=\"background-color: #000032; font-size: 12px; color: #00ffff;\">\u00a0<span style=\"background-color: #000032;\"><a style=\"color: #00ffff;\" href=\"#DEB\">[Retour]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/le-piemont-italie\/6\/#GF01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Gullia-Ferrante-460x345.jpg\" alt=\"Giulia Ferrante \u2014 Italian Colors\" width=\"348\" height=\"261\" title=\"-\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/le-piemont-italie\/6\/#GP01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Giuseppina-Pavese-03.jpg\" alt=\"Giuseppina Pavese - Autrice Italienne M\u00e9tavers\" width=\"196\" height=\"261\" title=\"-\"><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"une-terre-habitee-depuis-la-prehistoire\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Une terre habit\u00e9e depuis la pr\u00e9histoire<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Bien avant que les colonnes des temples ne se dressent dans la plaine, le territoire de Paestum, en Campanie, \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 fr\u00e9quent\u00e9 par l&rsquo;\u00eatre humain. Les traces les plus anciennes remontent au Pal\u00e9olithique moyen, il y a plus de 35 000 ans. Des outils en silex retrouv\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9gion t\u00e9moignent de cette pr\u00e9sence tr\u00e8s ancienne.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Au cours de l&rsquo;\u00e2ge du cuivre, entre environ 3800 et 2300 av. J.-C., la r\u00e9gion fut occup\u00e9e par des communaut\u00e9s dont les pratiques fun\u00e9raires sont aujourd&rsquo;hui connues gr\u00e2ce aux d\u00e9couvertes arch\u00e9ologiques. La n\u00e9cropole du Gaudo, situ\u00e9e \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 du futur site antique, a notamment livr\u00e9 des tombes creus\u00e9es dans la roche, des ossements humains et des objets en c\u00e9ramique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Ces s\u00e9pultures nous renseignent sur les croyances, les rites et les gestes quotidiens de populations dont nous ignorons encore une grande partie de l&rsquo;histoire. Avant les dieux grecs, avant les l\u00e9gions romaines, cette terre poss\u00e9dait donc d\u00e9j\u00e0 sa propre m\u00e9moire.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vers-600-av-j-c-la-fondation-de-poseidonia\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Vers 600 av. J.-C. : la fondation de Poseidonia<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">L&rsquo;histoire monumentale de Paestum commence vers 600 av. J.-C., lorsque des colons grecs venus de Sybaris, importante cit\u00e9 de Grande-Gr\u00e8ce situ\u00e9e sur le littoral de l&rsquo;actuelle Calabre, fondent une nouvelle ville dans la plaine du Sele.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Ils lui donnent le nom de <strong>Poseidonia<\/strong>, en hommage \u00e0 Pos\u00e9idon, dieu grec de la mer. Le choix n&rsquo;a rien d&rsquo;\u00e9tonnant : dans ce monde m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en o\u00f9 les \u00e9changes maritimes jouent un r\u00f4le essentiel, le dieu qui commande aux flots m\u00e9rite assur\u00e9ment quelques \u00e9gards. Il ne faudrait pas contrarier celui qui peut transformer une travers\u00e9e commerciale en trag\u00e9die hom\u00e9rique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">La situation g\u00e9ographique est favorable. La plaine est fertile, les terres permettent l&rsquo;agriculture et les voies de communication facilitent les \u00e9changes avec les populations voisines. La proximit\u00e9 du littoral ouvre \u00e9galement la cit\u00e9 sur les routes commerciales de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les Grecs organisent progressivement leur \u00e9tablissement selon les principes de la cit\u00e9 antique. Les quartiers d&rsquo;habitation, les espaces publics et les sanctuaires prennent place dans un ensemble structur\u00e9, prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par des fortifications.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Poseidonia devient ainsi l&rsquo;un des centres importants de la Grande-Gr\u00e8ce, cette constellation de cit\u00e9s grecques \u00e9tablies dans le sud de la p\u00e9ninsule italienne et en Sicile.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"les-grands-temples-laffirmation-dune-cite-grecque\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Les grands temples : l&rsquo;affirmation d&rsquo;une cit\u00e9 grecque<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Entre le VIe et le Ve si\u00e8cle av. J.-C., Poseidonia conna\u00eet une p\u00e9riode de d\u00e9veloppement remarquable. Sa prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 se manifeste dans la construction de sanctuaires et de monuments dont certains sont aujourd&rsquo;hui parmi les mieux conserv\u00e9s du monde grec antique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le site poss\u00e8de trois grands temples d&rsquo;ordre dorique, dont les colonnes massives et les proportions t\u00e9moignent de la ma\u00eetrise des architectes antiques. Leur pr\u00e9sence donne encore aujourd&rsquo;hui au paysage une puissance presque irr\u00e9elle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le premier est traditionnellement appel\u00e9 <strong>temple d&rsquo;H\u00e9ra<\/strong>, ou \u00ab basilique \u00bb. \u00c9difi\u00e9 vers le milieu du VIe si\u00e8cle av. J.-C., il pr\u00e9sente une architecture archa\u00efque caract\u00e9ristique, avec une colonnade imposante et une organisation int\u00e9rieure particuli\u00e8re.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le deuxi\u00e8me, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement d\u00e9sign\u00e9 comme le <strong>temple d&rsquo;Ath\u00e9na<\/strong>, se trouve dans la partie septentrionale de la cit\u00e9. Construit vers la fin du VIe si\u00e8cle av. J.-C., il est consacr\u00e9, selon l&rsquo;interpr\u00e9tation traditionnellement retenue, \u00e0 la d\u00e9esse de la sagesse et de la guerre.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le troisi\u00e8me monument, souvent appel\u00e9 <strong>temple de Neptune<\/strong>, est le plus spectaculaire. \u00c9difi\u00e9 au Ve si\u00e8cle av. J.-C., probablement vers le milieu de ce si\u00e8cle, il constitue un exemple exceptionnel de l&rsquo;architecture dorique classique. Son attribution exacte reste discut\u00e9e : l&rsquo;identification \u00e0 H\u00e9ra est aujourd&rsquo;hui fr\u00e9quemment privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e par les chercheurs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">La pr\u00e9cision historique impose donc de se m\u00e9fier des appellations touristiques. Les noms populaires ont leur charme, mais ils ne constituent pas toujours des certificats de naissance divins.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Ces temples ne sont pas de simples constructions monumentales. Ils t\u00e9moignent de la puissance \u00e9conomique de la cit\u00e9, de son organisation religieuse et de sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 mobiliser des artisans, des mat\u00e9riaux et des savoir-faire consid\u00e9rables.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Leur conservation exceptionnelle s&rsquo;explique notamment par la solidit\u00e9 de leur architecture, mais aussi par les transformations historiques qui ont affect\u00e9 la ville sans entra\u00eener leur destruction compl\u00e8te.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"la-cite-lucanienne-une-nouvelle-culture-une-autre-identite\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>La cit\u00e9 lucanienne : une nouvelle culture, une autre identit\u00e9<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u00c0 la fin du Ve si\u00e8cle av. J.-C., Poseidonia passe sous le contr\u00f4le des Lucaniens, peuple italique \u00e9tabli dans une vaste partie de l&rsquo;Italie m\u00e9ridionale. La cit\u00e9 change alors progressivement de visage, sans perdre pour autant l&rsquo;ensemble de son h\u00e9ritage grec.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Cette p\u00e9riode est particuli\u00e8rement int\u00e9ressante parce qu&rsquo;elle r\u00e9v\u00e8le que l&rsquo;histoire des civilisations ne se r\u00e9sume pas \u00e0 une succession de peuples qui effaceraient syst\u00e9matiquement leurs pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseurs. Les cultures se rencontrent, se transforment et se m\u00e9langent, parfois paisiblement, parfois sous la contrainte.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les Lucaniens conservent une grande partie de l&rsquo;organisation urbaine et des monuments h\u00e9rit\u00e9s de Poseidonia. En revanche, les pratiques fun\u00e9raires, les inscriptions, les objets et certaines repr\u00e9sentations artistiques t\u00e9moignent de nouvelles influences.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les n\u00e9cropoles de la r\u00e9gion ont livr\u00e9 des tombes peintes d&rsquo;un grand int\u00e9r\u00eat. Leurs d\u00e9cors repr\u00e9sentent notamment des sc\u00e8nes de banquet, des personnages, des chevaux et des \u00e9pisodes li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;univers social et symbolique des d\u00e9funts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Ces peintures constituent des documents pr\u00e9cieux sur les \u00e9lites lucaniennes, leurs valeurs et leur conception de la mort. Elles montrent \u00e9galement que la cit\u00e9 reste un centre culturel vivant.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">La p\u00e9riode lucanienne ne repr\u00e9sente donc pas une simple parenth\u00e8se entre la Gr\u00e8ce et Rome. Elle constitue un chapitre essentiel de l&rsquo;identit\u00e9 historique de Paestum.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"273-av-j-c-larrivee-des-romains\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>273 av. J.-C. : l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e des Romains<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">En 273 av. J.-C., Rome \u00e9tablit une colonie de droit latin sur le territoire de l&rsquo;ancienne Poseidonia. La cit\u00e9 prend alors le nom de <strong>Paestum<\/strong>, sous lequel elle passera \u00e0 la post\u00e9rit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Cette implantation s&rsquo;inscrit dans l&rsquo;expansion romaine en Italie m\u00e9ridionale. Rome consolide son contr\u00f4le territorial, s\u00e9curise les voies de circulation et int\u00e8gre progressivement les communaut\u00e9s locales \u00e0 son syst\u00e8me politique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Paestum conserve n\u00e9anmoins une certaine autonomie institutionnelle dans le cadre de ses relations avec Rome. Son int\u00e9gration ne signifie pas la disparition imm\u00e9diate de ses traditions grecques et lucaniennes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Au fil des si\u00e8cles, la ville se transforme. Les espaces politiques et religieux sont r\u00e9organis\u00e9s selon les usages romains. Le forum devient le centre de la vie publique, tandis que de nouveaux \u00e9difices civiques et religieux apparaissent.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les vestiges visibles aujourd&rsquo;hui t\u00e9moignent de cette superposition des \u00e9poques : aux sanctuaires grecs r\u00e9pondent des constructions romaines qui traduisent une autre mani\u00e8re d&rsquo;organiser la cit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">La romanisation s&rsquo;accompagne \u00e9galement d&rsquo;une \u00e9volution des pratiques linguistiques, des institutions et des \u00e9changes \u00e9conomiques. En 90 av. J.-C., Paestum devient un municipe, ce qui permet \u00e0 ses citoyens d&rsquo;acc\u00e9der aux droits de citoyennet\u00e9 romaine selon le statut correspondant.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Sous l&rsquo;Empire, la ville poursuit son existence. Elle demeure li\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;agriculture et aux r\u00e9seaux r\u00e9gionaux, tandis que ses espaces publics sont adapt\u00e9s aux besoins d&rsquo;une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9sormais profond\u00e9ment int\u00e9gr\u00e9e au monde romain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Paestum illustre ainsi un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne fr\u00e9quent dans l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9 : une ville peut changer de langue officielle, de r\u00e9gime politique et de r\u00e9f\u00e9rences religieuses sans perdre enti\u00e8rement la m\u00e9moire de ses origines.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"la-vie-quotidienne-dans-lancienne-paestum\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>La vie quotidienne dans l&rsquo;ancienne Paestum<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les temples attirent naturellement le regard, mais ils ne racontent qu&rsquo;une partie de l&rsquo;histoire. Une cit\u00e9 antique ne se compose pas uniquement de lieux sacr\u00e9s : elle est aussi faite de maisons, de commerces, d&rsquo;ateliers, de rues, de march\u00e9s et de discussions dont les murs n&rsquo;ont pas toujours conserv\u00e9 l&rsquo;\u00e9cho.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">L&rsquo;organisation urbaine de Paestum r\u00e9v\u00e8le une ville structur\u00e9e, avec des espaces consacr\u00e9s aux activit\u00e9s politiques, religieuses et priv\u00e9es. Les fortifications d\u00e9limitent un territoire prot\u00e9g\u00e9, tandis que les voies de circulation relient les diff\u00e9rents quartiers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les habitants vivent notamment de l&rsquo;agriculture, de l&rsquo;artisanat et des \u00e9changes. La fertilit\u00e9 de la plaine environnante favorise les cultures, tandis que les r\u00e9seaux commerciaux permettent la circulation des marchandises et des influences culturelles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les vestiges des habitations et des \u00e9difices publics montrent que Paestum n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas seulement un d\u00e9cor monumental destin\u00e9 aux dieux. C&rsquo;\u00e9tait un espace v\u00e9cu, o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on travaillait, commer\u00e7ait, gouvernait, c\u00e9l\u00e9brait les rites et organisait les affaires de la communaut\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les d\u00e9couvertes arch\u00e9ologiques permettent de reconstituer progressivement cet univers, m\u00eame si une grande partie de la vie quotidienne demeure n\u00e9cessairement inaccessible. L&rsquo;arch\u00e9ologue retrouve des objets, des murs et des inscriptions ; il lui reste ensuite \u00e0 faire parler ces t\u00e9moins silencieux sans leur pr\u00eater des confidences qu&rsquo;ils n&rsquo;ont jamais faites.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"le-declin-de-paestum-dans-lantiquite-tardive\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Le d\u00e9clin de Paestum dans l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9 tardive<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u00c0 partir du IVe si\u00e8cle apr. J.-C., l&rsquo;Empire romain conna\u00eet des transformations politiques, \u00e9conomiques et sociales profondes. Paestum est touch\u00e9e par ces \u00e9volutions, auxquelles s&rsquo;ajoutent les difficult\u00e9s propres \u00e0 son environnement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">La plaine du Sele est basse et humide. Au fil du temps, l&rsquo;extension des zones mar\u00e9cageuses favorise notamment la propagation du paludisme, maladie qui p\u00e8se lourdement sur les populations de nombreuses r\u00e9gions m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ennes avant les moyens modernes de pr\u00e9vention et de traitement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les conditions \u00e9conomiques changent \u00e9galement, tandis que les grands r\u00e9seaux urbains de l&rsquo;Empire se transforment. Une partie de la population se d\u00e9place progressivement vers des secteurs plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s et jug\u00e9s plus favorables \u00e0 l&rsquo;habitat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le d\u00e9clin n&rsquo;est cependant ni instantan\u00e9 ni uniforme. La ville continue d&rsquo;\u00eatre fr\u00e9quent\u00e9e et habit\u00e9e durant l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9 tardive. Les monuments subsistent, mais leur fonction \u00e9volue. Certains \u00e9difices perdent leur r\u00f4le religieux initial, tandis que d&rsquo;autres espaces sont r\u00e9utilis\u00e9s \u00e0 des fins plus modestes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les grands temples, eux, restent visibles dans la plaine. Leur pr\u00e9sence ne suffit pourtant pas \u00e0 maintenir une cit\u00e9 en activit\u00e9. L&rsquo;architecture peut d\u00e9fier les si\u00e8cles ; elle ne peut, \u00e0 elle seule, faire revenir les habitants, restaurer les \u00e9changes ou ass\u00e9cher les marais.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"le-moyen-age-labandon-progressif-de-la-cite\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Le Moyen \u00c2ge : l&rsquo;abandon progressif de la cit\u00e9<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Entre l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9 tardive et le Moyen \u00c2ge, Paestum conna\u00eet une contraction progressive de son espace habit\u00e9. Les raisons de cet abandon sont multiples : \u00e9volution des conditions \u00e9conomiques, ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 r\u00e9gionale, transformation des voies de circulation et difficult\u00e9s environnementales.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Il serait donc excessif d&rsquo;imaginer une ville brusquement d\u00e9sert\u00e9e en une seule journ\u00e9e. Comme souvent dans l&rsquo;histoire des \u00e9tablissements humains, le d\u00e9part des habitants s&rsquo;effectue par \u00e9tapes, au rythme des circonstances.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Des communaut\u00e9s continuent d&rsquo;occuper la r\u00e9gion, mais la ville antique perd progressivement son r\u00f4le central. Les populations se d\u00e9placent vers des secteurs voisins, notamment des positions plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es, o\u00f9 elles peuvent trouver des conditions de vie plus favorables.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les b\u00e2timents anciens sont d\u00e9laiss\u00e9s ou r\u00e9utilis\u00e9s. Les terres et la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation gagnent du terrain. Les rues, les maisons et les espaces publics disparaissent peu \u00e0 peu sous les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts naturels et les transformations du paysage.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les temples, en revanche, restent debout. Leurs dimensions et leur solidit\u00e9 leur permettent de traverser une p\u00e9riode pendant laquelle leur signification originelle s&rsquo;efface progressivement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Paestum n&rsquo;est donc pas enti\u00e8rement effac\u00e9e de la g\u00e9ographie. Elle devient plut\u00f4t une pr\u00e9sence monumentale isol\u00e9e, un fragment d&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9 dont la m\u00e9moire subsiste sans que son histoire soit toujours comprise.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"le-xviiie-siecle-paestum-redecouverte-par-les-voyageurs-europeens\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Le XVIIIe si\u00e8cle : Paestum red\u00e9couverte par les voyageurs europ\u00e9ens<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\u00c0 partir du XVIIIe si\u00e8cle, Paestum retrouve une place importante dans la culture europ\u00e9enne. Le d\u00e9veloppement du <strong>Grand Tour<\/strong>, ce voyage en Italie entrepris par des artistes, des \u00e9crivains, des architectes et de jeunes aristocrates, favorise la red\u00e9couverte des vestiges antiques.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les voyageurs sont frapp\u00e9s par l&rsquo;\u00e9tat de conservation des temples. Dans une Europe o\u00f9 l&rsquo;architecture classique inspire de nombreux artistes, les monuments de Paestum offrent une occasion exceptionnelle d&rsquo;observer directement les formes de l&rsquo;architecture grecque.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Leurs proportions massives, leurs colonnes doriques et leur pr\u00e9sence dans un paysage ouvert fascinent les visiteurs. Dessinateurs et architectes les \u00e9tudient, les reproduisent et les diffusent dans leurs publications.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Cette red\u00e9couverte contribue au d\u00e9veloppement du n\u00e9oclassicisme, mouvement artistique qui recherche dans l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9 des mod\u00e8les de rigueur, d&rsquo;\u00e9quilibre et de simplicit\u00e9 monumentale.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Paestum devient alors un lieu de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour comprendre l&rsquo;architecture grecque, parfois davantage que certains monuments plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres dont l&rsquo;\u00e9tat de conservation est moins favorable.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le regard port\u00e9 sur les ruines \u00e9volue \u00e9galement. Elles ne sont plus seulement les restes d&rsquo;une ville oubli\u00e9e : elles deviennent des objets d&rsquo;\u00e9tude, des sources d&rsquo;inspiration artistique et des t\u00e9moins de la profondeur historique de l&rsquo;Europe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Il faut reconna\u00eetre aux voyageurs du Grand Tour un m\u00e9rite certain : ils ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 faire conna\u00eetre Paestum. Ils avaient toutefois une mani\u00e8re bien particuli\u00e8re de voyager, qui consistait parfois \u00e0 parcourir des milliers de kilom\u00e8tres pour contempler les ruines, puis \u00e0 les repr\u00e9senter avant de poursuivre leur itin\u00e9raire avec une malle, un carnet et quelques certitudes esth\u00e9tiques.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"le-xxe-siecle-les-fouilles-archeologiques-et-les-grandes-decouvertes\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Le XXe si\u00e8cle : les fouilles arch\u00e9ologiques et les grandes d\u00e9couvertes<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Au d\u00e9but du XXe si\u00e8cle, les recherches arch\u00e9ologiques prennent une dimension plus syst\u00e9matique. Les fouilles permettent de mieux comprendre l&rsquo;organisation de la ville, ses sanctuaires, ses espaces publics et ses quartiers d&rsquo;habitation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les d\u00e9couvertes ne concernent pas uniquement le centre monumental. Les environs de Paestum abritent de nombreuses n\u00e9cropoles qui apportent des informations essentielles sur les populations ayant v\u00e9cu dans la r\u00e9gion avant, pendant et apr\u00e8s la domination romaine.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">En 1934, les arch\u00e9ologues Paola Zancani Montuoro et Umberto Zanotti Bianco mettent notamment en \u00e9vidence le sanctuaire d&rsquo;H\u00e9ra situ\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de l&#8217;embouchure du Sele. Les recherches r\u00e9v\u00e8lent des \u00e9l\u00e9ments architecturaux et des m\u00e9topes sculpt\u00e9es qui enrichissent consid\u00e9rablement les connaissances sur les pratiques religieuses de l&rsquo;ancienne Poseidonia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le mus\u00e9e arch\u00e9ologique de Paestum, inaugur\u00e9 en 1952, permet de r\u00e9unir et de pr\u00e9senter une partie de ces d\u00e9couvertes dans un contexte historique et scientifique.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a title=\"Auteur inconnuAuteur inconnu\u00a0 Gleb Simonov, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Monterozzi_necropolis_%E2%80%94_Tomb_of_the_Leopards.jpg\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/24\/Monterozzi_necropolis_%E2%80%94_Tomb_of_the_Leopards.jpg\/960px-Monterozzi_necropolis_%E2%80%94_Tomb_of_the_Leopards.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=index&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Monterozzi necropolis \u2014 Tomb of the Leopards\" width=\"960\" height=\"493\" title=\"-\"><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Simposio, Tomba dei Leopardi, 473 a.C., Necropoli dei Monterozzi, Museo archeologico nazionale di Tarquinia<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Un autre \u00e9v\u00e9nement majeur intervient en 1968 avec la d\u00e9couverte de la <strong>Tombe du Plongeur<\/strong>, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre s\u00e9pulture peinte dat\u00e9e d&rsquo;environ 480 av. J.-C. Son d\u00e9cor comprend notamment une sc\u00e8ne repr\u00e9sentant un homme plongeant dans l&rsquo;eau, image dont la signification continue d&rsquo;alimenter les interpr\u00e9tations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Cette tombe est exceptionnelle par sa peinture figurative et par la raret\u00e9 de ce type de d\u00e9cor fun\u00e9raire dans le monde grec d&rsquo;Italie m\u00e9ridionale. Elle offre une fen\u00eatre sur les repr\u00e9sentations de la mort, du passage et de l&rsquo;au-del\u00e0 dans une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 dont les croyances ne nous sont connues que partiellement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les fouilles du XXe si\u00e8cle ont ainsi profond\u00e9ment renouvel\u00e9 la compr\u00e9hension de Paestum. La ville appara\u00eet d\u00e9sormais comme un ensemble historique complexe, dans lequel les p\u00e9riodes grecque, lucanienne et romaine se r\u00e9pondent.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"paestum-aujourdhui-un-patrimoine-mondial\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Paestum aujourd&rsquo;hui : un patrimoine mondial<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">En 1998, Paestum est inscrite sur la Liste du patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO au sein du bien intitul\u00e9 \u00ab Parc national du Cilento et du Val de Diano, avec les sites arch\u00e9ologiques de Paestum et de Velia et la chartreuse de Padula \u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Cette reconnaissance souligne l&rsquo;importance exceptionnelle de cet ensemble culturel et naturel. Paestum constitue en particulier un t\u00e9moignage remarquable de la pr\u00e9sence grecque en Italie m\u00e9ridionale, mais aussi des transformations politiques et culturelles qui ont marqu\u00e9 la p\u00e9ninsule antique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Le parc arch\u00e9ologique permet aujourd&rsquo;hui de parcourir une partie des espaces de la ville ancienne : sanctuaires, monuments publics, vestiges de quartiers et portions des fortifications. Le mus\u00e9e compl\u00e8te cette visite en pr\u00e9sentant les objets et les \u0153uvres d\u00e9couverts dans la cit\u00e9 et ses environs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">La conservation du site demeure un enjeu important. Elle exige des travaux de restauration, des recherches scientifiques, une gestion attentive des visiteurs et une surveillance des effets du climat et de l&rsquo;environnement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Visiter Paestum, ce n&rsquo;est donc pas seulement admirer trois temples remarquablement conserv\u00e9s. C&rsquo;est observer, dans un m\u00eame paysage, les traces de plusieurs civilisations qui ont occup\u00e9, transform\u00e9 et r\u00e9interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 un territoire.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"conclusion-la-pierre-se-souvient-mais-elle-ne-raconte-jamais-tout\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Conclusion : la pierre se souvient, mais elle ne raconte jamais tout<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Paestum est l&rsquo;un de ces lieux o\u00f9 l&rsquo;histoire semble avoir choisi la pierre pour r\u00e9sister au temps. Les colonnes des temples ont travers\u00e9 les changements de pouvoir, le d\u00e9clin de la ville, les si\u00e8cles d&rsquo;abandon et la red\u00e9couverte par les voyageurs europ\u00e9ens.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Mais leur permanence ne doit pas masquer la diversit\u00e9 des vies qui se sont succ\u00e9d\u00e9 dans la plaine du Sele. Derri\u00e8re l&rsquo;image majestueuse des temples se trouvent des agriculteurs, des artisans, des marchands, des familles, des pr\u00eatres, des soldats et des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations d&rsquo;habitants dont les noms ont souvent disparu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Poseidonia fut grecque ; elle devint lucanienne, puis romaine. Elle connut ensuite le recul de la vie urbaine avant de retrouver une place majeure dans l&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;arch\u00e9ologie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Chaque \u00e9poque a laiss\u00e9 des traces, parfois visibles, parfois enfouies. Le travail des arch\u00e9ologues consiste \u00e0 les identifier, \u00e0 les confronter et \u00e0 reconstruire, avec prudence, une histoire qui ne se livre jamais enti\u00e8rement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Les temples de Paestum ne sont pas simplement les vestiges d&rsquo;un monde disparu. Ils sont les t\u00e9moins d&rsquo;une M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e faite de circulations, de rencontres et de transformations. Ils nous rappellent que les civilisations ne naissent jamais tout \u00e0 fait seules et ne disparaissent presque jamais sans laisser quelque chose derri\u00e8re elles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Et si les pierres ont surv\u00e9cu \u00e0 ceux qui les ont \u00e9lev\u00e9es, elles nous enseignent aussi une le\u00e7on d&rsquo;humilit\u00e9 : les hommes b\u00e2tissent pour l&rsquo;\u00e9ternit\u00e9, puis l&rsquo;\u00e9ternit\u00e9 prend son temps.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-53716 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png\" alt=\"&quot;&quot;\" width=\"460\" height=\"18\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-460x18.png 460w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-250x10.png 250w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique-150x6.png 150w, https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/seeparation-texte-celtique.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"bibliographie-archeologique\"><\/span><strong>Bibliographie arch\u00e9ologique<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/parchipaestumvelia.cultura.gov.it\/la-storia-di-paestum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parc arch\u00e9ologique de Paestum et Velia \u2013 Histoire de Paestum<\/a> : chronologie officielle du site, de la pr\u00e9histoire \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque contemporaine.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/parchipaestumvelia.cultura.gov.it\/en\/scopri-i-parchi\/archeological-area-of-paestum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parc arch\u00e9ologique de Paestum et Velia \u2013 Site arch\u00e9ologique de Paestum<\/a> : pr\u00e9sentation des temples, des monuments et de l&rsquo;organisation urbaine.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/842\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO \u2013 Parc national du Cilento et du Val de Diano, avec les sites arch\u00e9ologiques de Paestum et de Velia et la chartreuse de Padula<\/a> : informations sur l&rsquo;inscription au patrimoine mondial et la valeur universelle du site.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.paestumsites.it\/en\/paestum\/history-of-paestum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paestum Sites \u2013 Histoire de Paestum<\/a> : synth\u00e8se historique de la cit\u00e9 grecque, lucanienne et romaine.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; padding-left: 40px;\">Quelques rep\u00e8res pour prolonger la visite de Paestum, de la fondation grecque de Poseidonia \u00e0 la cit\u00e9 romaine, et pour approfondir l\u2019\u00e9nigme de la tombe du plongeur, d\u00e9couverte en 1968 par Mario Napoli.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"sources-antiques\"><\/span><strong>Sources antiques<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\n<li>Cic\u00e9ron, <em>De oratore<\/em>, II, 36 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Livre:Cic%C3%A9ron_-_%C5%92uvres_compl%C3%A8tes,_Nisard,_1864,_tome_I.djvu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">traduction Nisard sur Wikisource<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Goethe, <em>Voyage en Italie<\/em>, Naples, 17 mai 1787 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Voyage_en_Italie_(Goethe)\/Naples_(2)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">texte sur Wikisource<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Ovide, <em>M\u00e9tamorphoses<\/em>, XV, v. 697 et suivants \u2013 <a href=\"http:\/\/bcs.fltr.ucl.ac.be\/META\/15.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">texte et traduction (UCLouvain)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Strabon, <em>G\u00e9ographie<\/em>, V, 4, 13 et VI, 1, 1 (Poseidonia) \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/penelope.uchicago.edu\/Thayer\/E\/Roman\/Texts\/Strabo\/6A*.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">livre VI, chapitre 1, traduction anglaise (Loeb)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Virgile, <em>G\u00e9orgiques<\/em>, IV, v. 116-124, les \u00ab roses de Paestum \u00bb au vers 119 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/dcc.dickinson.edu\/node\/32337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">texte latin et commentaire (Dickinson College)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"etudes-archeologiques\"><\/span><strong>\u00c9tudes arch\u00e9ologiques<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\n<li>Greco, Emanuele, <em>Archeologia della Magna Grecia<\/em>, Rome-Bari, Laterza, 1992 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=bks&amp;q=Greco+Archeologia+della+Magna+Grecia+Laterza\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rechercher<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Greco, Emanuele, Theodorescu, Dinu, <em>Poseidonia-Paestum<\/em>, I-V, Rome, \u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de Rome (Collection de l\u2019\u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de Rome, 42), 1980-2008 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb371779484\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notice BnF du vol. IV<\/a> ; <a href=\"http:\/\/opar.unior.it\/1612\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vol. IV en acc\u00e8s libre<\/a> ; <a href=\"https:\/\/isidore.science\/document\/10670\/1.yl91cl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vol. III sur Isidore\/Pers\u00e9e<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Mertens, Dieter, <em>Der alte Heratempel in Paestum und die archaische Baukunst in Unteritalien<\/em>, Mayence, Philipp von Zabern, 1993 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=bks&amp;q=Mertens+Der+alte+Heratempel+in+Paestum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rechercher<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Mertens, Dieter, <em>St\u00e4dte und Bauten der Westgriechen<\/em>, Munich, Hirmer, 2006 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=bks&amp;q=Mertens+St%C3%A4dte+und+Bauten+der+Westgriechen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rechercher<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Napoli, Mario, <em>La tomba del tuffatore<\/em>, Bari, De Donato, 1970 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=bks&amp;q=Napoli+La+tomba+del+tuffatore+1970\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rechercher<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Pedley, John Griffiths, <em>Paestum: Greeks and Romans in Southern Italy<\/em>, Londres, Thames &amp; Hudson, 1990 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=bks&amp;q=Pedley+Paestum+Greeks+and+Romans+in+Southern+Italy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rechercher<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Pontrandolfo, Angela, Rouveret, Agn\u00e8s, <em>Le tombe dipinte di Paestum<\/em>, Mod\u00e8ne, Franco Cosimo Panini, 1992 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/library.aarome.org\/bib\/33499\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notice de biblioth\u00e8que<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Pontrandolfo, Angela, Rouveret, Agn\u00e8s, Cipriani, Marina, <em>Die Tomba del Tuffatore und weitere Gr\u00e4ber mit Wandmalereien in Paestum<\/em>, Paestum, Pandemos, 2015 (\u00e9dition augment\u00e9e de <em>Le tombe dipinte di Paestum<\/em>) \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/search.ub.tum.de\/vufind\/Record\/DE-604.BV043645921\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notice de biblioth\u00e8que<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Pontrandolfo Greco, Angela, <em>I Lucani<\/em>, Milan, Longanesi, 1982 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=bks&amp;q=Pontrandolfo+Greco+I+Lucani+Longanesi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rechercher<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Pugliese Carratelli, Giovanni (dir.), <em>I Greci in Occidente<\/em>, Milan, Bompiani, 1996 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=bks&amp;q=Pugliese+Carratelli+I+Greci+in+Occidente+Bompiani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rechercher<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Rouveret, Agn\u00e8s, <em>Histoire et imaginaire de la peinture ancienne (Ve si\u00e8cle av. J.-C. \u2013 Ier si\u00e8cle ap. J.-C.)<\/em>, Rome, \u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de Rome (BEFAR, 274), 1989 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/zenon.dainst.org\/Record\/000211562\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notice de biblioth\u00e8que<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"pour-aller-plus-loin-en-ligne\"><\/span><strong>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"font-size: 18px;\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/parchipaestumvelia.cultura.gov.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parchi archeologici di Paestum e Velia<\/a> (site officiel).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/842\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parc national du Cilento et du Vallo Diano, avec les sites arch\u00e9ologiques de Paestum et Velia et la Chartreuse de Padula<\/a> (Unesco).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paestum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paestum sur Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a>.<a id=\"com\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 15<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span>\u2026 <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/paestum-le-plongeur-et-la-lumiere\/\">Suite &#8211; Continue reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38234,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","_ogeeat_og_title":"","_ogeeat_og_description":"","_ogeeat_og_image":"","_ogeeat_tw_title":"","_ogeeat_tw_description":"","_ogeeat_tw_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,16,2198],"tags":[1695,1694,1698,1696,4666,4670,1368,2923,4136,1693,4669,4667,4665,2210,1697,4668],"class_list":["post-16504","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tous-les-articles","category-photographies","category-italie","tag-campanie","tag-capaccio-paestum","tag-cilento","tag-goethe","tag-grande-grece","tag-italie-du-sud","tag-ovide","tag-paestum","tag-photographie-noir-et-blanc","tag-poseidonia","tag-site-archeologique","tag-temples-doriques","tag-tombe-du-plongeur","tag-unesco","tag-val-de-diano","tag-voyage-en-italie"],"modified_by":"Frank C\u00e9sar LOVISOLO","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16504"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56887,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16504\/revisions\/56887"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frank-lovisolo.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}